anatomy ch1 Flashcards
Anatomy
study of the structure of the body
physiology
study of function of body and it’s parts
What are the four internal cavities
Thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity, cranial cavity, and vertebral canal
What are the four internal cavities
Thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity, cranial cavity, and vertebral canal
What is the muscular divider between the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity?
diaphragm
the ventral (anterior) cavities are
thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
What are the posterior cavities
cranial cavity and vertebral canal
Spaces located in the head
orbit, nasal cavity, oral cavity, and middle ear cavity
what are the subdivisions in the thoracic cavity
refer to the pic
subdivision of abdominopelvic cavity
refer to pic
quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity
RUG, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ
What are double- layered membranes?
lining around organs; parietal (outer) and visceral (on organ)
organs in cavities have
cavity walls and double-layered membranes
parietal membrane
outer layer attached to (lines) cavity wall
What is found between the layers of membranes?
fluid is found between layers
visceral membrane
layer attached to the organ by directly covering it
for membranes
refer to pic
common imaging technologies
find from book*****
Plane (axis)
imaginary flat surface that passes through body
transverse or horizontal plane
horizontal plane divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom)
frontal or coronal plane
plane runs vertically dividing the body into anterior,ventral (front) and posterior , dorsal(back) side
sagittal plane
runs vertically dividing the body into left or right ( doesn’t have to run through the middle)
midsagittal or median plane
vertical line dividing the body into left and right ( this line runs through the center of the body)
oblique plane
any type of line
oblique plane
any type of angle line that is not horizontal or vertical angle; line not parallel
What is a section?
slice parallel to an axis (REFER TO PIC)
superior
closer to head
* chest is superior to the pelvis
inferior
closer to the feet
* stomach is inferior to the heart
posterior
the back of the body / surface
* heart is posterior to the sternum
anterior
the front of the body/ surface
* stomach is anterior to the spinal cord
cranial
towards the head
caudal
towards the tail or rear (butt)
* abdomen is caudal to the head
lateral
away from the midline of the body
* lungs are medial to the shoulders
proximal
part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part or trunk attachmennt
knee is proximal to the toes
distal
part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part or trunk attachment
* wrist is distal to the elbow
medial
towards the midline of body
lungs are medial to the shoulders
rostral
directed toward the nose
frontal love is rostral to the occipital lobe
ipsilateral
On the same side of the body as another structure or a given point.
* right arm is ipsilateral to the right leg
contralateral
the opposite side of the body
* right arm is contralateral to the left leg
superficial
on outside external to another structure
* skin is superficial to the biceps brachii muscle
deep
position farther from the surface of the body.
body areas/ regions
refer to pic ppt 30
Axial
.
Appendicular
.
dorsal
toward the back side of the human body
* spina; cord is on dorsal side of body
ventral
toward the belly side of human
* umbilicus is on the ventral side of body
