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Anatomy 260-70 > Anatomy Ch 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is anatomy ?

A

The art of separating the parts of an organism in order to ascertain their position relations & structure

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2
Q

when was the first medical dissection recorded of the human body

A

500 CE

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3
Q

what are the types of anatomy

A

Microscopic anatomy
gross anatomy

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4
Q

what does gross anatomy involve

A

surface antomy
regional anatomy
systemic anatomy

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5
Q

what is surface anatomy

A

anatomy that we can see at the surface of the body EX: growth of hair, skin

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6
Q

What is regional anatomy?

A

the complete anaotmy of a specific region of the body ( bood vessel, muscle,bones,etc)

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7
Q

what is physiology

A

a branch fo biology that deals with the function & activities of life & of the physical & chemical phenomena involved

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8
Q

what is systemic anatomy

A

the body divided into the 11 organ systems

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9
Q

what is anatomy and what is physiology?

A

structure is anatomy and the function is physiology

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10
Q

cells level involves what?

A

the subunits of an organism

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10
Q

tissue level involves what

A

collection of similar types if cells ( there are 4 major types of tissue)

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10
Q

the organ level involves what?

A

the collection of tissues ( not all the same type ) each has a specific function

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11
Q

what are the levels of organization least to most complex?

A

chemical level> cellular level> tissue level>organ system level>organism level

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12
Q

chemical level involves what ?

A

elements & molecules

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13
Q

the organ systems level involves what

A

the many organs working together to carry out bodily functions

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14
Q

the organism level involves what

A

an individual living being

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15
Q

(important percentages)

A

hydrogen 62%
oxygen 26%
water 67%

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16
Q

what does the skeletal system do?

A

support, protection fo soft tissues, mineral storage, blood cells formation

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16
Q

what are the 11 organ systems

A

1-Integumentary
2-skeletal
3-muscular
4-nervous
5-endocrine
6-cardiovascular
7-lymphatic
8-respiratory
9-digestive
10-reproductive
11-urinary

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17
Q

what does the integumentary system do?

A

protects from the environment, helps control body temperature, energy storage (fat)

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18
Q

what does the muscular system do?

A

locomotion, support posture, heat production, skeletal muscle( locomotion is the ability to move around our muscles produce heat )

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19
Q

what does the nervous system do?

A

directing immediate responses to stimuli by coordinating the actions of other organs

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20
Q

what does the endocrine system do?

A

directing long term changes in the activities of other organ systems by releasing of hormones ( slow to respond but has long term effects

21
Q

what does the cardiovascular system do ? what is the main motive

A

internal transport of cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes & gases ( circulation moving things { blood } around)

22
Q

what does the digestive system do?

A

The processing of food & absorption of organic nutrients, minerals, vitamins, & water

22
Q

what does the lymphatic system do?

A

defense against infection & disease

22
Q

what does the respiratory system? delivery of air to where gas exchange can occur between the air & circulating blood what is the main function?

A

delivery of air to where gas exchange can occur between the air & circulating blood (breathing principle function direct interaction with cardiovascular system )

23
Q

what does the urinary system do?

A

elimination of excess water, salts& waste products: also controls pH of body fluids ( works with cardiovascular )

24
Q

what does the reproductive system do?

A

production of sex cells & hormones (how we pass genetic information)

25
Q

Singular Vs plural

A

…..

26
Q

US changes to ? nucleus

A

I ( nucleus> nuclei)

27
Q

Um changes to ? labium

A

a (labium >labia)

28
Q

A changes to ? lacuna

A

AE (lacuna > lacunae)

29
Q

what is the anatomical position

A

Standardized body position used to describe location of structure and movements of body.( standing straight forward with palms faced forward)

30
Q

what are the 4 quadrants

A

1- right upper quadrant
2- left upper quadrant
3- right lower quadrant
4-left lower quadrant

31
Q

anatomical position names

A

superior
inferior
lateral
distal
proximal
medial
posterior
anterior

32
Q

oblique plane

A

frontal
sagital
plane

33
Q

what are the three serous membranes

A

Pleural
Peritoneum
Pericardial

34
Q

what is cytology ?

A

internal structure of cells

35
Q

what is histology

A

study of tissue (group of cells)

35
Q

What are the levels of organization of the human body?

A

chemical level> cellular level> tissue level > organ level > organism level

36
Q

Describe anatomical position.

A

the anatomical position basiclly the body standing straight in a upward standing position

37
Q

Name the major body cavities divisions of the body and the organs found in these cavities.

A

Pleural cavity- lungs
Pericardial- heart
Abdominal cavity- stomach

38
Q

Define and apply the terms of directional references in the body.

A

Superior
Inferior
Lateral
Medial
Anterior
Posterior
Dorsal
Ventral
Proximal
Distal

39
Q

Define and apply the terms of planes and sections.

A

sagittal
midsagittal plane (median sagittal) parasagittal
frontal (coronal) plane transverse (horizontal) plane

40
Q

Describe the four major abdominal-pelvic quadrants.

A

right superior upper quadrant
left superior upper quadrant
right inferior lower quadrant
left inferior lower quadrant

41
Q

identify the membranes of the ventral body cavity

A

visceral pericardium
visceral peritoneum
visceral pleura
parietal pericardium
parietal peritoneum
parietal pleura

42
Q

what does visceral mean?

A

visceral means that its touching the orga directly

43
Q

visceral pericardium touches what?

A

touches the heart

44
Q

parietal pericardium touch what?

A

borders the heart

45
Q

visceral peritoneum touches what?

A

it touches the abdominal region

46
Q

parietal peritoneum touches what?

A

the space around the abdominal organs

47
Q
A
47
Q

visceral pleura tocuhes what

A

touches the lungs directly

48
Q

parietal pleura touches what

A

space around the lungs

Anatomy 260-70 (2 decks)

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