Anatomy- Bones

Question 1

Bone is also known as what tissue?

Answer 1

Osseous

Question 2

Mineralization and Calcification

Answer 2

The hardening process of bone tissue

Question 3

Nutrient Foramina

Answer 3

Small bone through which blood vessels travel.

Question 4

Bones that are constructed like sandwhich with spongy bone between compact bone.

Answer 4

Flat Bones

Question 5

Name 4 types of bone cells

Answer 5

Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, Osteogenic cells, Osteoclasts

Question 6

What percentage of bone is organic material

Answer 6

one third

Question 7

What percentage of bone is inorganic material

Answer 7

two-thirds

Question 8

Mature bone cells are trapped in cavities called…

Answer 8

Lacunae

Question 9

Osteon

Answer 9

The basic structural unit of compact bone

Question 10

Orthopedics

Answer 10

The branch of medicine associated with treating bone disorders.

Question 11

Composition of the skeletal system

Answer 11

bones, cartilage, and ligaments

Question 12

the organ of the skeletal system

Answer 12

the bones

Question 13

Covers many joint surfaces of mature bone

Answer 13

Cartilage

Question 14

Holds bones together at joints

Answer 14

Ligaments

Question 15

What are the functions of the skeleton

Answer 15

Support-framework, muscle attachment
Protection: soft organs of the body, eg. skull
Movement: muscle and joint
Electrolyte balance: bones are the reservoir
Acid-base balance: stabilize
Blood formation: bone marrow

Question 16

Features of a flat bone

Answer 16

Thin, curved

Protect soft organs

Question 17

Features of a Long Bone

Answer 17

longer than wide, rigid levers acted upon by muscles,

crucial for movment

Question 18

Features of the short bones

Answer 18

appx. equal in length and width

Glide across one another in multiple directions

Question 19

Features of irregular bones

Answer 19

All bones that do not fit the other categories, such as vertebra.

Question 20

Compact bone

Answer 20

dense outer shell of bone

Question 21

Spongy bone

Answer 21

loosely organized bone tissue

Question 22

Diaphysis

Answer 22

located in long bones
shaft the provides leverage
contains the marrow

Question 23

Epiphyses

Answer 23

Enlarged ends of long bone, “head”

Question 24

Medullary cavity

Answer 24

Located in diaphysis, aka marrow cavity

Question 25

Articular cartilage

Answer 25

layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the joint surface,

allows joint to move freely

Question 26

Nutrient foramina

Answer 26

minute holes in bone surface that allows blood vessels to penetrate

Question 27

Periosteum

Answer 27

External sheath covering most of the bone

Question 28

Endosteum

Answer 28

thin layer of reticular connective tissue lining marrow cavity

Question 29

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 29

Growth plate
growth in children
Epiphyseal line in adults

Question 30

Composition of Flat bone

Answer 30

2 layers of compact bone surround the Diploe

Question 31

Diploe

Answer 31

Spongy middle layer of the flat bone to absorb shock

Question 32

Osseous tissue

Answer 32

bone tissue

Question 33

Composition of bone connective tissue

Answer 33

cells, fibers and ground substance

Question 34

Osteogenic cells

Answer 34

stem cells, found in endosteum and periosteum

Question 35

Osteoblasts

Answer 35

bone forming precursor cells, lay down the matrix

Question 36

Osteocytes

Answer 36

mature osteoblasts that have become trapped in the matrix they deposit, trapped in lacuna and canaliculi

Question 37

Osteoclasts originate from

Answer 37

Blood cell stem cells, live in resorption pools

Question 38

Osteoblasts originate from

Answer 38

Osteogenic Stem cells