Anatomy - blood vessels and lymph

Question 1

main aa lower limb
path

Answer 1

femoral artery
continuation of external iliac aa
- becomes femoral after crossing under the inguinal ligament and entering the femoral triangle
- after femoral traingle - cont ant to thigh and passes through adductor canal - supplies ant thigh muscles
- adductor canal ends at adductor hiatus
- fem aa then enters post compartment of thigh, prox to knee
- now the popliteal artery

Question 2

what arises from femoral aa in the femoral triangle

Answer 2

profunda femoris aa

Question 3

Path of profunda femoris aa

Answer 3

travels posteriorly and distally

Question 4

branches of profunda femoris
- what do they supply

Answer 4

perforating branches - 3/4 aa that perforate adductor magnus, med and post thigh
lateral fem circumflex - antero-lat aspect of femur, supplies mm lat aspect of thigh
med fem circumflex - posterior femur, supplies neck and head
- damage&raquo_space; avascular necrosis of head of femur

Question 5

other aa supplying the thigh

Answer 5

obturator aa

Question 6

obturator aa
path

Answer 6

arises from int iliac aa
desends via obturator canal to medial thigh
bifurcates into ant and post thigh

Question 7

obturator aa branches
- supplies

Answer 7

ant branch - pectineus, obturator externus, adduct mm, gracilis
post - deep gluteal mm

Question 8

gluteal region supplied by

Answer 8

sup and inf gluteal aa
arise from int iliac aa, enters glueal region via greater sciatic foramen
inf gluteal aa also supplies post thigh

Question 9

path sup gluteal aa

Answer 9

arise from internal iliac
passes through greater sciatic foramen
leaves foramen above piriformis mm

Question 10

popliteal aa
path

Answer 10

post thigh
gives off genicular branches
through popliteal fossa - exiting between gastrocnemius and popliteal mm
terminates at lower border of popliteus - becomes ant tibial aa and tibioperoneal trunk
tibioperoneal trunk becomes post tibial and fibular (peroneal aa)

Question 11

post tibial aa
path

Answer 11

cont inferiorly, along surface of deep post leg muscles
enters sole of foot via tarsal tunnel with the tibial nn
splits into lat and medial plantar aa

Question 12

fibular aa path

Answer 12

post to tibula in the post comparment of lower leg
gives rise to perforating branches, supply lat compartment of leg

Question 13

ant tibial path

Answer 13

pasves ant between tibia and fibula, through interosseous membrane gap
into foot where it becomes DP aa

Question 14

aa supplying foot

Answer 14

DP
PT

Question 15

DP path

Answer 15

as ant aa enters fot, passes over dorsal aspect of tarsal bones, moves towards sole of foot where it anastomoses with lat plantar aa to form deep plantar arch

Question 16

DP supplies

Answer 16

tarsal bones
dorsal aspect of metatarsals
deep plantar arch - phalanges

Question 17

PT aa supply

Answer 17

plantar of foot deep plantar arch - phalanges

Question 18

veins lower limb - structure

Answer 18

deep - underneath deep fascia and accompany aa
superficial - s.c. tissue and drain into deep

Question 19

vein path

Answer 19

dorsal venous arch in foot - drains into superficial vv, some branches penetrate into leg - ant tib vv
plantar foot - med and lat plantar vv
combine to form post tib (accompanies post tib aa, enters leg post to med malleolus) and fib vv
ant tib, post tib and fib vv&raquo_space; popliteal vv, enters adductor canal&raquo_space; femoral vv
femoral vv runs underneath inguinal ligament to join external iliac vv
gluteal region - inf and sup gluteal vv
» int iliac vv

Question 20

thigh vv

Answer 20

femoral vv
deep vv of thigh

Question 21

deep vv of thigh

Answer 21

also called profunda femoris vv
drains blood from thigh mm via perforating vv
empties into femoral vv

Question 22

2 major superficial vv

Answer 22

great/ long saphenous vv
small saphenous vv

Question 23

long saph vv path

Answer 23

formed by dorsal venous arch of foot + dorsal vv great toe
asends medial side of leg, passing ant to med malleolus at ankle and post to medial condyle at knee
received tributaries of saphenous vv
termines by draining into femoral vv immediately inferior to inguinal ligament

Question 24

small saphenous vv path

Answer 24

dorsal arch of food + dorsal vv of little toe
post side of leg and passed post to lat malleolus, along lat border of calcaneal tendon
at knee, passes between 2 head of gastrocnemius and empties into popliteal vv in the popliteal fossa

Question 25

2 major groups of lymphatic systems in LL

Answer 25

superficial and deep lymph vessels

Question 26

superficial lymph vessels divided into

Answer 26

medial - great saphenous
lateral - small saphenous

Question 27

medial lymph vessels
- origin
- path

Answer 27

origin - dorsum of foot
path - ant and post of medial lower leg with great saphenous vv and passes behind the medial condyle of the femur
drains into subinguinal group of inguinal LN

Question 28

lateral lymph vessels
- origin
- path

Answer 28

origin - lat aspect of foot
path - small saphenous vv to enter popliteal nodes OR front fo the leg and cross just below knee to join medial grouip

Question 29

3 main group of deep lymph vessels

Answer 29

ant tib
post tib
peroneal

correspond to aa and enter popliteal LN

Question 30

inguinal LN
- where
- how many
- types

Answer 30

upper aspect of femoral triangle
1-20 LN
divided by level at which great saph vv terminates - into sub-inguinal (below line) and superficial inguinal nodes (above line)

Question 31

superficial inguinal nodes - receive from

Answer 31

penis, scrotum, perineum, buttock and abdo wall

Question 32

sub-inguinal nodes
- types
- receives from

Answer 32

types - superficial and deep
superficial - superficial lymphatics of lower leg
deep - found in medial aspect of femoral vv, from deep lymph trunk of thigh

Question 33

popliteal nodes
- no.
- where
- receive from
- pass into

Answer 33

5-7
fat reserves in poplitela fossa
receive from lat superficial vessels
pass into the deep ingiunal nodes
some accompany GsV and pass into sub-inginal nodes