Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MODULE 10 - Cardiovascular System > ANATOMY - Aorta, Vena Cava and Azygos Vein > Flashcards

ANATOMY - Aorta, Vena Cava and Azygos Vein Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main components of the aorta?

A

Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
Abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the initial branching of the aortic arch in carnivores and pigs

A

The brachiocephalic trunk branches from the aortic arch and branches into the left common carotid artery, right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery. The left subclavian artery branches from the aortic arch independently, distal to the brachiocephalic trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the initial branching of the aortic arch in horses and ruminants

A

The brachiocephalic trunk branches from the aortic arch and branches into the left common carotid artery, right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery and left subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where in the body do the common carotid arteries branch into the internal and external carotid arteries?

A

The common carotid arteries branch into the internal and external carotid arteries just above the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do the internal and external carotid arteries supply?

A

Head
Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four major arteries branching from the subclavian artery?

A

Vertebral artery
Costocervical artery
Superficial cervical artery
Internal thoracic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which arteries branch from the vertebral artery as it runs cranio-dorsal?

A

Basilar artery
Ventral spinal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is supplied by the basilar artery?

A

Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is supplied by the ventral spinal artery?

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which arteries branch from the costocervical artery?

A

Deep cervical artery
First three intercostal arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is supplied by the deep cervical artery?

A

Dorsal neck muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where do the remaining intercostal arteries branch from?

A

The remaining intercostal arteries branch directly from the descending aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is supplied by the superficial cervical artery?

A

Ventral neck muscles
Cranial shoulder
Upper forelimb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which arteries branch from the internal thoracic artery?

A

Ventral intercostal arteries
Cranial superficial epigastric arteries
Cranial deep epigastric arteries

(also known as musculophrenic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the pathway of the internal thoracic artery

A

The internal thoracic artery travels ventrally along the sternum branching into the ventral intercostal arteries until it travels under the diaphragm and branches into the cranial superficial epigastric arteries and cranial deep epigastric arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which artery supplies arterial blood to the forelimb?

A

Subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the organisation of the forelimb arterial supply

A

The subclavian artery supplies the forelimb however the name of the artery changes depending on the region of the forelimb it is located. The subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery, then the brachial artery, and finally the median artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where in the body does does the bronchoesophageal artery branch from the descending aorta?

A

The bronchoesophageal artery branches from the descending aorta at the level of the fifth intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is supplied by the bronchoesophageal artery?

A

Oesophagus
Lung tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the descending aorta penetrate the diaphragm to enter the abdomen?

A

Aortic hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two classifications of the branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Visceral branches
Parietal branches

22
Q

What are the five visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Coeliac artery
Cranial mesenteric artery
Renal arteries
Ovarian/Testicular arteries
Caudal mesenteric artery

23
Q

Which four visceral structures are supplied by the coeliac artery?

A

Stomach
Pancreas
Spleen
Cranial duodenum

24
Q

Which five visceral structures are supplied by the cranial mesenteric artery?

A

Caudal duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Ascending and transverse colon

25
Q

Which visceral structures are supplied by the renal arteries?

A

Kidneys

26
Q

Which structures are supplied by the ovarian/testicular arteries?

A

Gonads (ovaries or testes)

27
Q

Which two visceral structures are supplied by the caudal mesenteric artery?

A

Descending colon
Rectum

28
Q

What are the five parietal branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Phrenico-abdominal arteries
Deep circumflex iliac arteries
External iliac arteries
Internal iliac arteries
Median sacral artery

And lumbar arteries

29
Q

Which arteries branch from the phrenico-abdominal arteries?

A

Caudal phrenic arteries
Cranial abdominal arteries

30
Q

Which structure is supplied by the caudal phrenic arteries?

A

Diaphragm

31
Q

Which structure is supplied by the cranial abdominal arteries?

A

Abdominal wall

32
Q

Which structures are supplied by the deep circumflex iliac arteries?

A

Abdominal wall
Flank
Cranial thigh

33
Q

Which arteries branch from the external iliac arteries?

A

Femoral arteries
Pudendoepigastric trunk

34
Q

Which structure is supplied by the femoral arteries?

A

Hindlimb

35
Q

Which artery branches from the pudendoepigastric trunk?

A

External pudendal arteries

36
Q

Which structures are supplied by the external pudendal arteries?

A

Mammary glands

37
Q

Which arteries branch from the internal iliac arteries?

A

Gluteal arteries
Internal pudendal arteries

38
Q

Which structure is supplied by the gluteal arteries?

A

Hindlimb

39
Q

Which structures are supplied by the internal pudendal arteries?

A

Pelvic viscera

40
Q

Which structure is supplied by the median sacral artery?

A

Tail

41
Q

Which two veins fuse to form the external jugular veins?

A

Maxillary veins
Lingofacial veins

42
Q

How is the cranial vena cava formed through the fusion of other veins in carnivores?

A

In carnivores, the external jugular veins fuse with the subclavian veins to form the brachiocephalic veins which fuse at the thoracic inlet to form the cranial vena cava

43
Q

How is the cranial vena cava formed through the fusion of other veins in horses and ruminants?

A

In horses and ruminants, the external jugular veins fuse to form the bi-jugular trunk. The subclavian veins will fuse with the bi-jugular trunk within the thoracic cavity to form the cranial vena cava

44
Q

Which veins carry out venous drainage of the forelimb?

A

Subclavian veins
Cephalic veins

45
Q

Which veins do the cephalic veins drain into?

A

External jugular veins

46
Q

Which veins fuse to form the caudal vena cava?

A

External iliac veins
Internal iliac veins

47
Q

Which four veins drain into the caudal vena cava?

A

Deep circumflex iliac veins
Renal veins
Ovarian/testicular veins
Hepatic vein (to drain hepatic portal system)

48
Q

Where does the caudal vena cava penetrate the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity to drain into the right atrium?

A

Caval foramina

49
Q

(T/F) All domestic species have a left and right azygos vein

A

FALSE. Most domestic species only have a right azygos vein however ruminants and pigs have both a left and right azygos veins

50
Q

What are the two possible drainage routes for the right azygos vein?

A

The right azygos vein can either drain into the cranial vena cava or drain directly into the right atrium

51
Q

Which structure does the left azygos vein drain into?

A

Coronary sinus

MODULE 10 - Cardiovascular System (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions