Anatomy Animal

Question 1

. Rostral

Answer 1

Toward the nose

Question 2

Caudal

Answer 2

Toward the tail

Question 3

Transverse plane

Answer 3

A pleno that divides the craneal porción from the caudal porción or proximal from the distal porción there can be an infinitesimal number of transverse plane.

Question 4

Cranial

Answer 4

Toward the head

Question 5

Dorsal plane

Answer 5

Plane that divided the dorsal part from the ventral part

Question 6

Ventral

Answer 6

Toward the vely or floor

Question 7

Dorsal

Answer 7

Toward the back

Question 8

The pelvic limb phalanges (toes) are (what direction) __________________________ from the hock (ankle).

Answer 8

Distal

Question 9

An animal is said to be in _________________________ recumbency when lying on its back with the feet towards the ceiling.

Answer 9

Dorsal

Question 10

An animal is said to be in _________________________ recumbency when its sternum is touching the exam table.

Answer 10

Sternal recumbency

Question 11

This element is the primary component of organic molecules.

Answer 11

Carbon

Question 12

A catalyst protein that speeds up a chemical reaction within the body is called:
a. ion

Answer 12

Anzyme

Question 13

Energy created by the breakdown of monosaccharides is stored in a molecule called:

Answer 13

Adenosine thiphosphate

Question 14

__ is 10 to 20 times higher inside the cell, and _______ is 10 to 20 times higher outside the cell.

Answer 14

Potassium and sodium

Question 15

The product of cellular respiration, which acts as the energy currency of the cell, is called____

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

The passive movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a more concentrated one is called___________________________.

Answer 16

Ósmosis

Question 17

The movement of molecules (oxygen, carbon dioxide) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called_________________________________.

Answer 17

Diffusion

Question 18

Positively charged ions are called __________________ and negatively charged ions are called __________________.

Answer 18

Cation and anions

Question 19

Name the four primary tissue types found in the body.

Answer 19

Epithelial, connective , muscle, nervous

Question 20

The serous membrane that lines the outer surface of the organs is called the ___________________ layer

and the membrane that lines the cavity wall is called the _________________________ layer.

Answer 20

Visceral layer parietal layer

Question 21

Functions of epithelial cells include:

Answer 21

Secreción or excretion bio chemical substances
Filtring biochemica sustances
Providing sensor input

Question 22

Name the type of cartilage found in the pinnae and epiglottis of animals:

Answer 22

Elastic cartilage

Question 23

Describe what would happen to a red blood cell that is iplaced in a fluid that is hypotonic (osmolality that is less than that of blood).

Answer 23

The red blood It would swell by ósmosis until the cell membrane integrista is lost and it brakes open so it would rupture

Question 24

List the 5 regions of vertebral column in order starting from the cranial.

Answer 24

Cervical vertebrae, Lumbar, thoracic, sacrum and coccygeal

Question 25

The spinal cord exits the skull through the forame magnum found in the occipital bone

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

The mandíbulas symphysys is ( what directional term) to incisive bone( premaxila)

Answer 26

It is looking for ventral

Question 27

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancellous bone

Answer 27

It is colled spongy bone bc it is comprensible and not strong.

Question 28

Intramembranous bone formación occurs

Answer 28

In certain skull bones

Question 29

Which cell secretes bone matrix and is found in the inner layer of periosteum and the endosteum?

Answer 29

The cell is the osteoblast

Question 30

Growth from epiphyseal plates is responsible for increasing the diameter of long bone?

Answer 30

T or F = F

Question 31

Identify the 2 hormones responsable for calcium homeostasis in the body

Answer 31

Calcitonin and parathyroid Hormone ( PTH)

Question 32

Yellow bone marrow can revert to red bone marrow?

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Name of one bone found in the viceral skeleton

Answer 33

In dog os penis Os cordi ruminant and OS rostri in pigs

Question 34

Which of following activities requires energy expenditure?

Answer 34

Active transport

Question 35

This plane divides the body into equal right and left halves

Answer 35

Median or midsagittal

Question 36

This type of membrane lines the inside (exposed surface ) of respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracks

Answer 36

Mucous

Question 37

The pelvic symphysis is an example of a synovial join?

Answer 37

False

Question 38

When deporting and animal this structure must be destroyed to prevent further growth

Answer 38

Corium

Question 39

Chestnust are usually buried the long caudal hairs of the fetlock?

Answer 39

That is true

Question 40

Aprocrine sweat glands empty into hair follicle as opposed to directly into the skin?

Answer 40

True

Question 41

A hole in bone is called a

Answer 41

Foramen bone

Question 42

Name one of the 3 types of specialized connective tissue

Answer 42

Cartilage, blood or bone

Question 43

The integument

Answer 43

Chapter 6

Question 44

which layer of skin provides to the epidermis

Answer 44

dermis

Question 45

this layer consist of a single layer of keratocytes which are firmly attached to the epthelialst

Answer 45

stratum germinativum

Question 46

approximately 80% of the dermis consist of this tissue dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 46

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 47

these glands are found in the paw pads of many animals

Answer 47

eccrine sweat glands

Question 48

these hairs have a large blood sinus in the connective tissue portion of the follicle

Answer 48

whiskers

Question 49

sebaceous glands of sheep produce this substance

Answer 49

lanolin

Question 50

the following is true about apocrine glands

Answer 50

they empty into hair follicles

Question 51

in the cow pig and sheep the lateral dewclaw represents this bone

Answer 51

fifth digit

Question 52

the corium of the claw and hoof is characterized by

Answer 52

a rich supply of nerves and blood vessels

Question 53

on the underside of the hoof this horny structure is located between the heels

Answer 53

frog

Question 54

in adult horned animals the horn is hollow and communicates directly with the

Answer 54

frontal sinus

Question 55

when dehorning and animal this structure must be destroyed on the horn to prevent further

Answer 55

corium

Question 56

the apex of the horn is stronger and denser than the base?

Answer 56

true

Question 57

3 types of muscle

Answer 57

Skeletal- voluntary Smooth- involuntary Cardiac- involuntary

Question 58

Six types of epithelial tissue

Answer 58

squamous, columnar, cuboidal, pseudostratified, transitional, glandular

Question 59

List the cell types that comprise the epidermis and describe the function of each cell types

Answer 59

Epidermis: avascular, is a kerantinized sheet of stratified squamous epithelium. Cell types are keratinocytes, melanocytes, dendritic cells, and tactile. The layers from deep to superficial are stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum (found only in thick skin), and stratum corneum.

Question 60

Anatomy

Answer 60

Study of form and structure of the body and its parts

Question 61

Physiology

Answer 61

The functions of the body and its parts

Question 62

What type of cartilage is found in joints?

Answer 62

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 63

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 63

Is the most common type of cartilage Composes most of the embryonic skeleton – lays the “groundwork” for bone formation

Question 64

What type of cartilage is found in the pinnae?

Answer 64

Elastic Cartilage

Question 65

The Elastic cartilage is found

Answer 65

Is found in epiglotti of larynx and in the pinnae of ear of animals.

Question 66

Name the other two types of specialized connective tissues.

Answer 66

Bone and Blood

Question 67

Bone are made

Answer 67

Is the hardest and most rigid type of connective tissue

Question 68

Blood

Answer 68

Matrix, Ground substance - plasma Small amounts of protein

Question 69

Erythrocytes

Answer 69

are Red blood cells

Question 70

Leukocyte

Answer 70

that is white blood cells

Question 71

What is a type of loose connective and acts as a thermal insulator?

Answer 71

ADIPOSE TISSUE

Question 72

ADIPOSE TISSUE

Answer 72

prevents heat loss from the body.

Question 73

Name 3 functions of bone

Answer 73

Support, protection and leavers

Question 74

Name of 2 type of bone

Answer 74

Spongy ( cancellous) compact bone

Question 75

What is the hardest substance in the body?

Answer 75

The Enamel

Question 76

What is the of the cells that form bone

Answer 76

Endochondral bone formation Intramembranous bone formation

Question 77

The epipseal plate is also known as the growth plate?

Answer 77

True

Question 78

Another name for the shaft of long bone is

Answer 78

Diaphysi

Question 79

Name two types of synovial joints?

Answer 79

Hinge joins Gliding joints

Question 80

Name the two types of bone marrow

Answer 80

Red none marrow Yellow bone marrow

Question 81

The spherical articular surface on the proximal end of a long bone is colled a condyle

Answer 81

False. End in the Spinal of scapula

Question 82

What is the name for the type of bone that are shaped like cube?

Answer 82

Short bones

Question 83

What type of bone is a femur

Answer 83

Long bone

Question 84

Bone of The skeleton are divided intro 3 categories

Answer 84

Axial skeleton appencula skeleton visceral skeleton

Question 85

What's the anatomical name of tibia bone

Answer 85

Tibia

Question 86

List the bone of the thoracic limb starting from the most proximal

Answer 86

Scapula, humerus, radius ulnar, carpal bone , metacarpus ( proximal, middle and distal phalanges

Question 87

What 3 bones make up the Os coxae

Answer 87

Ilium ischium and pubis

Question 88

Which joints contain hyaline cartilage

Answer 88

Synovial joint

Question 89

The mandible is connected to the rest of the skull by this type of joint

Answer 89

Synovial joint

Question 90

Name of one sesamiod bone

Answer 90

The patella

Question 91

List the 4 bone shape and give a bone that is an example of each

Answer 91

Long bone: tibia bone Short bone: tarsal bone Flat bone: scapula Irregular bone: sacrum

Question 92

Name the five functions of bone

Answer 92

Support , protection, movement Blood cell formation Storage

Question 93

What are the 3 cell types that make up bone. What does each do?

Answer 93

Osteoblasts- cells that form bone; they are responsible for bone growth Osteocytes are natural bone cells that maintain the bone matrix. They act as a stress sensor and occupy the lacunae. Osteoclasts – cells that are necessary for bone remodeling. Osteoclast withdraws calcium from the bone when needed to raise calcium levels in the bloodstream

Question 94

Name the two mechanisms of bone formation.

Answer 94

Endochondral bone formation (cartilage) Bone grows into or replaces a cartilage model and is essential during fetal development. Intramembranous bone formation Only occurs in certain skull Bone. Also, it is an essential process during fetal development.

Question 95

Explain the difference between the periosteum and the endosteum.

Answer 95

periosteum is a membrane that covers the external surface of the bones. In contrast, endosteum is a membrane as well but covers lines of internal surface of the bones.

Question 96

What hormone removes calcium from the bones when blood calcium levels are low in an effort to prevent hypocalcemia?

Answer 96

Parathyroid hormone

Question 97

What is the role of Volkmann’s canals?

Answer 97

The role of Volkmann’s canals is to give nutrients to the osteocytes in the Harversian System.

Question 98

What is a Lacuna?

Answer 98

Is a small space or cavity that contains an osteocyte in bone.