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Animal Science > Anatomy And Physiology unit 18 > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology unit 18 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Difference between vertebrates and invertebrates

A

Invertebrates- without a backbone

Vertebrates- with backbone

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1
Q

Three traits that all organisms must have to be in the Animal Kingdom

A
  1. Animals made up of cells
  2. Animals can move about on their own
  3. Animals get their food from other sources
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2
Q

Know the 3 main classes of animals that man has domesticated

A

Aves, Osteichthyes, mammalia

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3
Q

Aves examples

A

Chicken
Turkey
Ducks
Geese

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4
Q

Osteichthyes examples

A

Trout
Tilapia
Salmon
Baitfish

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5
Q

Mammalia examples

A 
Hogs
Cattle
Sheep 
Goat
Horses
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6
Q

Cattle of European origin

A

Bos Taurus

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7
Q

Cattle of Indian origin

A

Bos Indicus

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8
Q

Hogs

A

Sus scrofa

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9
Q

Sheep

A

Ovis Aries

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10
Q

Spanish goat

A

Capra pyrenaica

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11
Q

Identify 8 life processes

A
  1. Getting and using food
  2. Movement
  3. Circulation
  4. Respiration
  5. Growth and repair
  6. Secretion
  7. Sensation
  8. Reproduction
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12
Q

Getting and using food

A

Provides nutrients for the animal to carry out normal life processes

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13
Q

Movement

A

Includes processes that occur internally as well as locomotive

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14
Q

Circulation

A

Is the moving of blood nutrients oxygen and wastes throughout the body

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15
Q

Respiration

A

Provides oxygen and nutrients to cells

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16
Q

Growth and repair

A

Growth is the increasing of the number and size of cells, and repair is the replacing of cells that have been damaged or that no longer function

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17
Q

Secretion

A

Is the production of liquid substances containing hormones and other material

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18
Q

Sensation

A

Is the ability for the animal to respond to the environment

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19
Q

reproduction

A

Is the process by which new members of a species are created

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20
Q

Cell membrane

A

Regulates what enters and exits the cell

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21
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls cell activity

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22
Q

Nucleolus

A

Contains the DNA templates for ribosomal RNA

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23
Q

Golgi body

A

Part of the cell that produces, sorts, and modifies protein

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24
Q

Mitochondria

A

Part of the cell that converts food into energy through respiration

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25
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The living material inside the cell

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26
Q

Lysosomes

A

Saclike cellular organelle that contains various enzymes

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27
Q

ER

A

Functions in the transport of materials within the cell

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28
Q

Ribosomes

A

Any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis

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29
Q

Mitosis

A

Growth and repair

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30
Q

Meiosis

A

Sexual reproduction

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31
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers the body surfaces and lines the body cavities. Main organ system of epithelial tissue is the skin

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32
Q

Connective tissue

A

Holds and supports body parts

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33
Q

Muscular tissue

A

Creates movements of the body parts

34
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Responds to stimuli and transmits nerve impulses

35
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the outside of the animal (form shape and appearance)

36
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the inside of the animal (cells tissues organs and systems of an organism

37
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability of an organism to maintain a relative stable internal environment

38
Q

Two major kinds of bones

A

Compact and cancellous

39
Q

Short bones

A

Cube shaped. Make up small carpal and tarsal bones

40
Q

Flat bones

A

Two layers of compact bone with a layer of cancellous bone between. Flat bones make up much of the skull

Ribs

41
Q

Irregular bones

A

Complex bones with varying shapes

Vertebrae and facial bones

42
Q

Sesame bone

A

Is a small and embedded in the tendon of animals

This bone is about the size of a sesame seed

43
Q

Long bone

A

Are the bones that are longer than they are wide. Examples of these bones are in the leg arms ribs hands and feet. Long bones are divided into the diaphysis and the epiphysis

44
Q

Epiphysis

A

The enlarged ends of the bone

45
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shank portion of the bone

46
Q

Metaphysis

A

Are where epiphysis and diaphysis join together

47
Q

Periosteum

A

Is the fibrous covering around the bone and is the attachment site for ligaments and tendons

48
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Is the hallow are of the bone

49
Q

Endosteum

A

The lining of the medullary cavity

50
Q

Marrow

A

The fibrous tissue of the medullary cavity and is the site of blood cell formation

51
Q

Cortex

A

Is the compact bone surrounding the medullary cavity

52
Q

Muscular system

A

Acquires material and energy as it creates body movement, maintains posture, supports the body and produces heat

53
Q

Skeletal system

A

Provides the framework for the body. Major components are the bones and cartilage

54
Q

Digestive system

A

Is a long hallow tube that runs from the mouth to the anus of an animal and it breaks food into smaller parts that are used by the body

55
Q

Respiratory system

A

Is involved with the exchange of gasses, mainly oxygen and carbon dioxide. It also maintains blood ph by expelling CO2

56
Q

Circulatory system

A

The system moves nutrients, oxygen and metabolic wastes throughout the body

57
Q

Excretory system

A

Is the system responsible for ridding the body of waste products

58
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Circulates a clear fluid through the body to protect the body from disease. The system also transports excess tissue fluid to the blood and helps provide immunity against diseases.

59
Q

Nervous system

A

Helps to coordinate body activities. It also regulates other systems and controls learning and memory.

60
Q

Integumentary system

A

The skin- first line of defense from outside dangers and helps regulate the body temperature

61
Q

Reproductive system

A

Is for the production of offspring from the same species

62
Q

Epidermis

A

The outer layer of skin

63
Q

Dermis

A

Middle layer of skin

64
Q

Subcutaneous tissue

A

The innermost layer of skin and is the thickest layer of skin

65
Q

Muscular system organ

A

Muscles

66
Q

Skeletal system organ

A

Bones

67
Q

Digestive system organ

A

Stomach, intestine, or the tube from the mouth to the anus

68
Q

Respiratory system organ

A

Lungs

69
Q

Circulatory system organ

A

Heart

70
Q

Excretory system organ

A

Bladder

71
Q

Lymphatic system organ

A

Lymph nodes

72
Q

Nervous system organ

A

Brain

73
Q

Integumentary system organ

A

Skin

74
Q

Reproductive system organ

A

Ovaries

75
Q

5 senses

A 
Sight 
Smell
Touch
Taste 
Hearing
76
Q

Two main types of digestive system

A

Ruminant- more than one stomach

Monogastric- one stomach

77
Q

Ruminant examples

A 
Cattle 
Sheep
Deer 
Camel 
Elk
Moose
78
Q

Monogastric example

A

Horse
Pigs
Chicken
Human

79
Q

Omasum

A

No known function

80
Q

Abomasum

A

True stomach

81
Q

Rumen

A

Largest section and is a fermentation/mixing vat

82
Q

Reticulum

A

It has many folds, resembles a honeycomb pattern, and initiated regurgitation

Animal Science (1 decks)

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