Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Get Smart > Anatomy and Physiology - Skeletal > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology - Skeletal Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

A

The skeletal system provides structure and support, protects internal organs, facilitates movement, produces blood cells, and stores minerals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the four types of bones in the human body?

A

Long bones (e.g., femur), short bones (e.g., carpals), flat bones (e.g., skull), and irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two main types of bone tissue?

A

Compact bone and spongy bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three main types of bone cells?

A

Osteoblasts (build bone), osteocytes (maintain bone), and osteoclasts (break down bone).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three main types of joints in the human body?

A

Fibrous joints (immovable), cartilaginous joints (partially movable), and synovial joints (freely movable).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the axial skeleton consist of?

A

The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

A

The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvic girdles).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do bones grow and develop?

A

Bones grow through a process called ossification, where cartilage is gradually replaced by bone tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some common bone disorders?

A

Osteoporosis, arthritis, fractures, and rickets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do bones heal after a fracture?

A

Bone healing involves inflammation, bone production, and bone remodeling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

A

Support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage, and endocrine regulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many bones are in the adult human body?

A

206 bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the longest bone in the human body?

A

The femur (thigh bone).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system?

A

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the axial skeleton composed of?

A

Back: Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton composed of?

A

Limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvic girdles).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the types of bone cells?

A

Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of osteoblasts?

A

Osteoblasts are responsible for bone formation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the periosteum?

A

A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the types of bones based on shape?

A

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the role of the rib cage?

A

Protects the heart and lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

A

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones; spongy bone is lighter and found inside bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the best Boba?

A

25% sugar for brown sugar low honey bubble milk tea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a joint?

A

A joint is where two or more bones meet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the types of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.
26
What is the function of synovial fluid?
Synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes the cartilage in synovial joints.
27
What is the role of the vertebral column?
It protects the spinal cord and supports the head and body.
28
What are the sections of the vertebral column?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions.
29
What is the function of red bone marrow?
Red bone marrow produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
30
What is the function of yellow bone marrow?
Yellow bone marrow stores fat.
31
What is the epiphysis of a bone?
The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone.
32
What is the diaphysis of a bone?
The diaphysis is the shaft or central part of a long bone.
33
What is the medullary cavity?
The medullary cavity is the central cavity of bone shafts where marrow is stored.
34
What is ossification?
Ossification is the process of bone formation.
35
What are the two types of ossification?
Intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification.
36
What is a fracture?
A fracture is a break in a bone.
37
What are the common types of bone fractures?
Simple, compound, comminuted, and greenstick fractures.
38
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle.
39
What is the role of calcium in bone health?
Calcium is essential for bone strength and structure.
40
What is the hyoid bone?
The hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.
41
What is the function of ligaments?
Ligaments connect bones to other bones and provide stability to joints.
42
What is the function of tendons?
Tendons connect muscles to bones and help in movement.
43
What is the patella?
The patella, or kneecap, is a small bone located in front of the knee joint.
44
What is the scapula?
The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle.
45
What is the clavicle?
The clavicle, or collarbone, is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum.
46
What is the humerus?
The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm.
47
What are the bones of the forearm?
The radius and the ulna.
48
What are the bones of the hand?
Back: Carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
49
What is the femur?
The femur is the thigh bone and the longest bone in the body.
50
What are the bones of the lower leg?
The tibia and the fibula.
51
What are the bones of the foot?
Tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.
52
What is the pelvis?
The pelvis is a basin-shaped structure that supports the spinal column and protects abdominal organs.
53
What is the sternum?
The sternum, or breastbone, is a long flat bone located in the center of the chest.
54
What are the ribs?
The ribs are curved bones that form the rib cage, protecting the thoracic cavity and its organs.
55
What is the cranium?
The cranium is the part of the skull that encloses the brain.
56
What are the facial bones?
The facial bones include the mandible, maxilla, zygomatic bones, nasal bones, and others.
57
What is the mandible?
Back: The mandible, or jawbone, is the largest and strongest bone of the face.
58
What is the maxilla?
The maxilla is the upper jawbone that holds the upper teeth.
59
What are the zygomatic bones?
The zygomatic bones, or cheekbones, are located on the sides of the face.
60
What are the nasal bones?
The nasal bones form the bridge of the nose.
61
What is the vertebra?
A vertebra is one of the 33 bones that make up the vertebral column.
62
What is the atlas?
Back: The atlas is the first cervical vertebra that supports the skull.
63
What is the axis?
The axis is the second cervical vertebra that allows the head to rotate.
64
What are intervertebral discs?
Intervertebral discs are pads of cartilage between vertebrae that act as shock absorbers.
65
What is scoliosis?
Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine.
66
What is kyphosis?
Kyphosis is an excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing a hunchback appearance.
67
What is lordosis?
Lordosis is an excessive inward curvature of the spine.
68
What is a herniated disc?
A herniated disc occurs when the soft center of an intervertebral disc pushes through a crack in the tougher exterior casing.
69
What is the sacrum?
The sacrum is a triangular bone at the base of the spine, formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae.
70
What is the coccyx?
The coccyx, or tailbone, is the small bone at the base of the spinal column.
71
What is the acetabulum?
The acetabulum is the socket in the pelvis that holds the head of the femur.
72
What is the glenoid cavity?
The glenoid cavity is the socket in the scapula that holds the head of the humerus.
73
What is the olecranon?
The olecranon is the bony prominence of the elbow.
74
What is the carpal tunnel?
The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist that houses the median nerve and tendons.
75
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, leading to pain and numbness in the hand.
76
What is the function of the meniscus?
The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage in the knee that acts as a cushion between the femur and tibia.
77
What is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?
The ACL stabilizes the knee by preventing the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur.
78
What is the function of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?
The PCL stabilizes the knee by preventing the tibia from sliding backward under the femur.
79
What is the function of the medial collateral ligament (MCL)?
The MCL stabilizes the knee by preventing it from bending inward.
80
What is the function of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL)?
The LCL stabilizes the knee by preventing it from bending outward.
81
What is the function of the rotator cuff?
The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint.
82
What is a dislocation?
A dislocation occurs when a bone is forced out of its joint.
83
What is a sprain?
A sprain is an injury to a ligament caused by stretching or tearing.
84
What is a strain?
A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon caused by overstretching or tearing.
85
What is arthritis?
Arthritis is inflammation of the joints, causing pain and stiffness.
86
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage.
87
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes chronic inflammation of the joints.
88
What is gout?
Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints.
89
Why am I still doing this ;(
Because yes
90
Here is a joke: Why didn't the skeleton want to go swimming?
Because he had to make these flash cards :(

Get Smart (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions