Anatomy And Physiology Of The Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What is the medial rectus muscle’s function?

A

Inward Rotation

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2
Q

What is the lateral rectus muscle’s function?

A

Outward rotation

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3
Q

What is the superior rectus muscle’s function?

A

Upward rotation

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4
Q

What is the inferior rectus muscle’s function?

A

Downward rotation

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5
Q

What is the superior oblique muscle’s function?

A

Intrusion, downward and outward rotation

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6
Q

What is the inferior oblique muscle’s function?

A

Extorsion, upward and outward rotation

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7
Q

What are the three functions of the eyelids?

A
  1. Protect from injury
  2. Exclude light
  3. Lubrication
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8
Q

Name three layers of the eyelids.

A
  1. Palpebral fissure
  2. Medial canthus
  3. Eral canthus
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9
Q

What are the two principal functions of the lacrimal apparatus?

A
  1. Produce tears
  2. Drain fluid
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10
Q

Give two reasons why tears are important to the functioning of the eye.

A
  1. Provides moisture
  2. Eye comfort
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11
Q

What is the relationship between the lacrimal gland, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal sac?

A

Help with tears

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12
Q

What is the principal function of the cornea?

A

Focus light rays reflected to the eye

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13
Q

Endothelium function?

A

Maintains proper fluid balance

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14
Q

Epithelium function?

A

Serves as a first line of defense against infection and injury

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15
Q

Bowman’s Membrane function?

A

Acts as an anchor for epithelium

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16
Q

Descemet’s Membrane function?

A

Contributes rigidity

17
Q

Stroma’s function?

A

Contributes rigidity

18
Q

What is the main function of the sclera?

A

Protects intraocular contents

19
Q

Name the three main structures that make up the uveal tract.

A
  1. Iris
  2. Ciliary Body
  3. Choroid
20
Q

What is the function of the ciliary processes?

A

Secrete aqueous humor

21
Q

What is the main function of the choroid?

A

Supply blood to the outer layers of the retina

22
Q

What is the main function of the vitreous?

A

Shock absorber, maintains spherical shape

23
Q

The retina includes a photoreceptor layer containing two types of cells :

A
  1. Rods
  2. Cones
24
Q

What are the rods and cones different functions?

A

Rods - for vision in reduced light
Cones - for central vision

25
The macula contains most of what cells?
Cone
26
Why is a balance between the inflow and outflow of aqueous humor important?
Maintains the IOP and extremely important in the function of the eye
27
What structure, besides the cornea, provides the eye’s focusing power?
Tear film
28
Then lens is attached to the ciliary body by transparent fibers called?
Zonules