Anatomy And Physiology Of The Eye Flashcards
What is the medial rectus muscle’s function?
Inward Rotation
What is the lateral rectus muscle’s function?
Outward rotation
What is the superior rectus muscle’s function?
Upward rotation
What is the inferior rectus muscle’s function?
Downward rotation
What is the superior oblique muscle’s function?
Intrusion, downward and outward rotation
What is the inferior oblique muscle’s function?
Extorsion, upward and outward rotation
What are the three functions of the eyelids?
- Protect from injury
- Exclude light
- Lubrication
Name three layers of the eyelids.
- Palpebral fissure
- Medial canthus
- Eral canthus
What are the two principal functions of the lacrimal apparatus?
- Produce tears
- Drain fluid
Give two reasons why tears are important to the functioning of the eye.
- Provides moisture
- Eye comfort
What is the relationship between the lacrimal gland, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal sac?
Help with tears
What is the principal function of the cornea?
Focus light rays reflected to the eye
Endothelium function?
Maintains proper fluid balance
Epithelium function?
Serves as a first line of defense against infection and injury
Bowman’s Membrane function?
Acts as an anchor for epithelium
Descemet’s Membrane function?
Contributes rigidity
Stroma’s function?
Contributes rigidity
What is the main function of the sclera?
Protects intraocular contents
Name the three main structures that make up the uveal tract.
- Iris
- Ciliary Body
- Choroid
What is the function of the ciliary processes?
Secrete aqueous humor
What is the main function of the choroid?
Supply blood to the outer layers of the retina
What is the main function of the vitreous?
Shock absorber, maintains spherical shape
The retina includes a photoreceptor layer containing two types of cells :
- Rods
- Cones
What are the rods and cones different functions?
Rods - for vision in reduced light
Cones - for central vision
The macula contains most of what cells?
Cone
Why is a balance between the inflow and outflow of aqueous humor important?
Maintains the IOP and extremely important in the function of the eye
What structure, besides the cornea, provides the eye’s focusing power?
Tear film
Then lens is attached to the ciliary body by transparent fibers called?
Zonules
