Anatomy and Physiology of Digestion

Question 1

The….process begins with the senses

Answer 1

digestive

Question 2

The first step of digestion is….

Answer 2

mastication

Question 3

From the mouth the food moves to the stomach by way of the….

Answer 3

esophagus

Question 4

The muscles in the esophagus squeeze the food downward with a wavelike motion known as….

Answer 4

peristalsis

Question 5

The stomach acid is kept out of the esophagus by the action of the….

Answer 5

cardiac valve

Question 6

The…. keeps the food in the stomach until it has been properly churnes and mixed.

Answer 6

pyloric sphincter

Question 7

The substance secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder and released into the small intestines for the emulsification of fats is….

Answer 7

bile

Question 8

The nutrients are absorbed into tiny lymph vessels called

Answer 8

lacteals

Question 9

From the small intestines the remaining material which is mostly nondigestable fiber, water and waste is passed through yet another sphinter valve the….

Answer 9

ileocecal valve

Question 10

The first part of the small intestine is the….

Answer 10

duodenum

Question 11

The primary function of the bile is the….of fats

Answer 11

emulsification

Question 12

The …. and pancreatic juices change the pH from acid to basic.

Answer 12

bile

Question 13

By the time the food reaches the colon it is in a semi fluid state and is refered to as

Answer 13

chyme

Question 14

….are enzymes which help break down food substances into forms that can be absorbed and assimilated by the body

Answer 14

digestive enzymes

Question 15

….also called ptyalin is an enzyme that aids the breakdown of starches. It is secreted in the saliva and pancreatic juices.

Answer 15

amylase

Question 16

….is an enzyme that also digests starches

Answer 16

mycozyme

Question 17

….secreted by the pancreas refers to any of several enzymes that increase the breakdown of fats(lipids)

Answer 17

lipase

Question 18

…. is an enzyme that helps the breakdown of protein and is also secreted by the pancreas

Answer 18

protease

Question 19

Enzymes that breakdown protein are known as…enzymes

Answer 19

proteolytic

Question 20

…is an enzyme relased in the stomach that also helps with the breakdown of protein

Answer 20

pepsin

Question 21

….refers to pancreatic enzymes and is often obtained from pigs or cow

Answer 21

pancreatin

Question 22

….is a bitter yellow green secretion of the liver stored in the gallbladder and released during digestion when fats enter the first part of the small intestine.

Answer 22

bile

Question 23

….is an enzyme that breaks down cellulose the carbohydrate that is the main part of the cell walls of plants.

Answer 23

cellulase

Question 24

peppermint, catnip, ginger, marshmallow, slippery elm

Answer 24

herbs for digestion

Question 25

What is the beneficial bacteria in our colon called?

Answer 25

flora

Question 26

....is caused by insufficient dietary fiber

Answer 26

constipation

Question 27

....are dilated veins in the rectum and anus

Answer 27

hemorrhoids

Question 28

....is when the inner lining of the colon is inflammed

Answer 28

colitis

Question 29

What is the other name for bad breath?

Answer 29

halitosis

Question 30

....are related to problems of the colon because they too can result from a low fiber diet.

Answer 30

heart disease and cancer

Question 31

An outward ballooning diverticula in the bowl wall caused by increased internal pressure and weakening of the bowel wall

Answer 31

diverticulosis

Question 32

if a diverticula becomes inflammed it is called

Answer 32

divertitculitis

Question 33

....is when the colon falls from its normal position to a lower position

Answer 33

prolapsed colon

Question 34

these can occur in many body systems including the brain but it is in the intestinal tract where they are mostly found.

Answer 34

parasites

Question 35

....such as varicose veins and spider veins are often caused by increased internal pressure from straining

Answer 35

dilated blood vessels

Question 36

Toxins thats are sometimes eliminated through the sweat pore of the skin can cause

Answer 36

skin problems

Question 37

Senna leaf, cascara sagrada,aloe leaf, chia seeds, psyllium seed, oat bran, marshmallow, slippery elm bark, mullein leaf, barberry root, dandelion, artichoke, fennel, cardamom, dill, caraway, cumin, and lemon balm

Answer 37

herbs for digestion