Anatomy and Physiology Module 1-2

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

studies structures of body parts and relationship to one another

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

studies function of the body and how it works

Question 3

Catabolism

Answer 3

metabolic pathways that breakdowns molecules into smaller units either oxidized to release energy or used for anabolic reactions

Question 4

Anabolism

Answer 4

pathways that construct molecules from smaller units; requires energy also know as ENDERGONIC PROCESS

Question 5

Homeostatis

Answer 5

ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions

Question 6

Homeostatic Imbalance

Answer 6

inability of the body to restore a functional and stable environment

Question 7

Visceral

Answer 7

covers the organ

Question 8

Parietal

Answer 8

lining the walls

Question 9

Serous Fluid

Answer 9

lubricating fluid that separates the serosa

Question 10

Colloid

Answer 10

solute particles are larger in solution and scatter light; do not settle out

Question 11

Suspension

Answer 11

solute particles are very large, settle out and may scatter light

Question 12

Organic Compounds

Answer 12

contain carbon and made by living things

Question 13

Inorganic Compounds

Answer 13

lacks carbon except carbon except carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide

Question 14

Polyatomic Ions

Answer 14

groups of atoms that bear an overall charge

Question 15

Acids

Answer 15

also called proton donors. Substance that release hydrogen ions in detectable amounts

Question 16

Bases

Answer 16

proton acceptors. Substance that take up hydrogen ion is detectable amount

Question 17

pH

Answer 17

measures the relative concentration of hydrogen ions in various body fluids

Question 18

Neutralization

Answer 18

when acids and bases mix, displacement reaction occur to form water and salt

Question 19

Macromolecule

Answer 19

large complex of molecule with thousands of atoms

Question 20

Cells

Answer 20

smallest unit of life, all organism are made out of

Question 21

Nucleus

Answer 21

organelle that controls cellular activities

Question 22

Cytoplasm

Answer 22

intracellular fluid packed with organelles

Question 23

Plasma Membrane

Answer 23

selectively permeable barrier

Question 24

Cellular Secretions

Answer 24

substances that aid in digestion (gastric fluid) or act as lubricants (saliva)

Question 25

Cell Junctions

Answer 25

allow neighboring cells to adhere and to communicate. Allowing movements molecules between cells

Question 26

Phospholipids

Answer 26

form basic structure of the membrane

Question 27

Cholesterol

Answer 27

stiffens membrane; decrease water solubility of membrane

Question 28

Proteins

Answer 28

determine what functions of membrane can perform

Question 29

Carbohydrates

Answer 29

act as identity molecules; allow cells to recognize “who is who” during development

Question 30

Physical Barrier

Answer 30

encloses the cell, separating the cytoplasm from extracellular fluid (ecf)

Question 31

Hypotonic

Answer 31

more dilute than cells, cells pump up or lyse

Question 32

Active Transport

Answer 32

required transport proteins that combine specifically and reversibly with transported substances

Question 33

Contact Signaling

Answer 33

which cells come together and recognize one another

Question 34

Chemical Signaling

Answer 34

process in which liquid (chemical messenger) binds specific receptor and response

Question 35

Hormones

Answer 35

signals from the endocrine

Question 36

Paracrines

Answer 36

chemicals act locally and rapidly destroyed

Question 37

Endomembrane System

Answer 37

organelles that work together to produce, export and store biological molecules

Question 38

Interphase

Answer 38

period from cell formation to division

Question 39

Mitosis

Answer 39

division of the nucleus that deliver out replicated DNA of parent to two daughter cell

Question 40

Cytokinesis

Answer 40

division if the cytoplasm