Anatomy and Physiology: Anatomical Features of Bones Flashcards
Transverse Plane
Passes across the body or organ perpendicular to its long axis and divides the body into superior and inferior planes
Frontal Plane
Perpendicular to the sagittal and divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Sagittal Plane
Passes vertically through the body or organ and divides it into left and right portions
Head
articulation
The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (head of the femur)
Facet
articulation
A smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface (articular facets of the vertebrae)
Crest
extension and projection
A narrow ridge (iliac crest of the pelvis)
Epicondyle
extension and projection
An expanded region superior to a condyle (medial epicondyle of the femur)
Line
extension and projection
A slightly raised, elongated ridge (nuchal lines of the skull)
Process
extension and projection
Any bony prominence (mastoid process of the skull)
Protuberance
extension and projection
A bony outgrowth or protruding part (mental protuberance of the chin)
Spine
extension and projection
A sharp, slender, or narrow process (mental spines of the mandible)
Trochanter
extension and projection
Two massive processes unique to the femur
Tubercle
extension and projection
A small, rounded process (greater tubercle of the humerus)
Tuberosity
extension and projection
A rough elevated surface (tibial tuberosity)
Alveolus
depression
A pit or socket (tooth socket)
Fossa
depression
A shallow, broad, or elongated basin (mandibular fossa)
Fovea
depression
A small pit (fovea capitis of the femur)
Sulcus
depression
A groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel (intertubercular sulcus of the humerus)
Canal
passage and cavity
A tubular passage or tunnel in a bone (auditory canal of the skull)
Fissure
passage and cavity
A slit through a bone (orbital fissures behind the eye)
Condyle
articulation
A rounded knob that articulates with another bone (occipital condyles of the skull)
Foramen
passage and cavity
A hole through a bone, usually round (foramen magnum of the skull)
Meatus
passage and cavity
An opening into a canal (external acoustic meatus of the ear)
Sinus
passage and cavity
An air-filled space in a bone (frontal sinus of the forehead)
