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Cardiology Osmosis Videos > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

موقعیت قلب

A

کمی چپتر از مدیاستن

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2
Q

Mediastinum ?

A

خط وسط توراکس بین سینه ها

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3
Q

مجاورتهای قلب

A

دیافراگم - جناغ - ریه - ستون مهره

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4
Q

Breastbone ?

A

Sternum

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5
Q

لایه های Serous Pericardium

A

Fibrous Pericardium - Parietal - Fluid - Visceral - surface

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6
Q

Epicardium ?

A

Visceral - surface

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7
Q

FIbrous Pericardium Job?

A

not overfill

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8
Q

Endocardium ?

A

لایه داخلی قلب - اندوتلیوم مثل قلب

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9
Q

معنی Atrium

A

Entry way

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10
Q

ورودیعای دهلیز راست

A

SVC - IVC - سینوس کرونری که تخلیه کرونری

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11
Q

Tricuspid & MItral place ?

A

Tri Right MIt Left

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12
Q

Mitral Leaflets

A

Ant Post - فقط این دوتایی

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13
Q

S1 دریچه و شروع دوره و انقباض چی

A

بسته شدن دریچه های AV - شروع سیستول - انقباض بطن

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14
Q

S2 دریچه و شروع دوره و انقباض چی

A

بسته شدن دریچه های سرخرگی - شروع دیاستول -انقباض دهلیز

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15
Q

cardiac output def & num = Venous return

A

خروج بطن بر دقیقه - 4.9 لیتر

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16
Q

درصد خون در بخشهای مختلف

A

کل ریوی 10 - قلب 5 - شریانهای سیستمی 15 - مویرگ سیستمی 5 - سیاهرگ سیستمی 65

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17
Q

Vasa Vasorum

A

رگ رگ - خونرسانی به تونیکا اکسترنای آرتری خیلی کلفت - تغذیه بقیه تونیکا از لومن

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18
Q

Elastic Arteries

A

آئورت و شاخش - ریوی - الاستین زیاد واسه فشار

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19
Q

Up down body temp by blood

A

Up VasoCONSTRICTION - down VasoDILATION

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20
Q

Metarteriole

A

Arteriole directly to Venule

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21
Q

Lymph in latin

A

Clear water

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22
Q

Lymph Roles

A

fluid and large molecules to blood and heart - immune surveillance (stop infection movement)`

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23
Q

lymph role volume

A

20 out 17 in capillaries - 3 L/d lymph

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24
Q

Lym Cap wall

A

one way valves between loosely connected cells - 2 halat ba Pin Pout: inward - stop

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25
Q

lymph vessels

A

cap - vess - trunks - Ducts

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26
Q

Lymph Pump

A

no - art. pulse + Skel. muscle + valve like v.

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27
Q

5 lymp. Trunks one single

A

3 up 2s down Lumbar - single intestinal - bronchomediastinal - jugular - subclavian

28
Q

lymp. Ducts

A

Right just 3up - Thoracic all left & down

29
Q

lymp ducts dump

A

Jugular subclavian veins junc. - very low P

30
Q

Lacteals

A

collect milk like lymph containing Chylomicrons (GI packed FAs)

31
Q

Lymph Organs

A

Lookout to -Foreign in lymph , Cells+Pr , Diffuse lymph tissue - lymph nodes

32
Q

Diffuse lymph tissue place

A

2 tracts : GI - Respiratory

33
Q

Lymph node number - size - Feel place - GI wall name

A

100s - mm to cm - armpit neck groin - Peyer’s patch

34
Q

فیلتر لنف در گره ؟

A

Dendritic cell Phagos & APC to B cell in Node - Also Circulatory T cell react to Antybodied infection

35
Q

B cell + Antigen ?

A

Plasma Cell => Antibody

36
Q

Spleen location

A

Left side between Diaph & stomach

37
Q

Spleen white pulp ?

A

Like giant lymph node but recieves blood - Filter out ABied Bacteria - produce ab

38
Q

Spleen re pulp

A

old RBC - Hg - Heme chain - Fe

39
Q

RBC and platelet for Emergency?

A

Spleen Storage

40
Q

Thymus place - activity period - activity ?

A

below necklace - Neonat & pre adolecscent - atrophy and fat after puberty - develop T cell - destroy self Ag T cell

41
Q

Lymph organs name

A

node - spleen - thymus - tonsils

42
Q

4 tonsils

A

adenoid - tubal - palatine - lingual

43
Q

ring of tonsil around throat lymph job

A

trap pathogen from food and air

44
Q

4 Valves names

A

AV: L Mitral R Tricuspid - Semilunar to artery = artery name

45
Q

جهت تولید صدای دریچه قلب

A

جهت جریان خون

46
Q

Closing valve sounds place

A

مشابه موقعیت قلب ولی دریچه های دهلیزی قرینه
- Intercostals : 2R Aortic - 2L Pulmonary - 4L Tricuspid (این سه تا چسبیده به سه تا گوشه از جناغ) -
5L midclavicular Line : Mitral

47
Q

S1 time and place

A

Lub after diastole (filling relaxed ventricle) - start systole - heard in 4L Tricuspid (این سه تا چسبیده به سه تا گوشه از جناغ) -
5L midclavicular Line : Mitral

48
Q

S2 time and place

A

Dub - after systole (ventricle contraction) - start diastole - heard in Intercostals : 2R Aortic - 2L Pulmonary

49
Q

S2 inspiration split reason - Physiologic splitting of s2

A

Diaph down to negative P - more venous blood to right heart - late R Ventricle squeeze and Pulm. valve close

50
Q

S3 sound - time - reason

A

Ta - after S2 in lots of blood bouncing of vent. wall in diastole -

51
Q

S3 normal and anormal ?

A

normal in athlete and pregnant where lots of blood - anormal in CHF meaning volume overload

52
Q

CHF

A

Congestive Heart Failure meaning inability to pump enough blood

53
Q

S4 time - sound - reason

A

before s1 at end of diastole - Ta - Stiff vent wall causing extra heart atrium contraction

54
Q

why stiff vent wall and S4 - what is s4 sign of

A

hypertrophy beacuse high Blood P - sign of P overload or severe Hypertension

55
Q

Cause of murmur - scale and tozih

A

turbulent or rough blood flow -scale 1 to 6 : 1 slightest possible - 3 moderate - 6 without stethoscope -

56
Q

Innocent heart murmurs

A

healthy heart in kid but thin wall which grow old grow thick

57
Q

Still’s murmur

A

common innocent mur in young kid -position of tricuspid valve sound yaani L4

58
Q

systolic murmur sound - 4 (2x2) cause

A

whoosh after lub - valve not functioning properly - artery not fully open = Stenosis - AV not fully closed = Regurgitation or insufficiency

59
Q

artery valve stenosis - sound name and cause - sound intensity - steth place

A

resistance before fully open - EJECTION CLICK - first blood narrow and turbulence - Crescendo decrescendo murmur because vent. blood first ziad then kam - place exactly valve sound place - R2 aortic - L2 pulm.

60
Q

AV valve regurgitation - other name - duration - place -

A

blood leak back because not closed - Holosystolic - sound for all of systole - exactly valve place - L4 Tri. L5 midclav Mitr.

61
Q

carvallo’s sign - کاربرد و دلیل

A

AV murmur louder with inhale - for Tricusp (diff from Mitr) - negative P more vein blood to right heart more sound

62
Q

Mitr valve regurg lead cause (most common valv condition) - دلیل

A

severe MItral valve prolapse - too weak pap musc and chord tend

63
Q

mid systolic click

A

not severe mitral valve prolapse suddenly stopped by chord tend

64
Q

severe MItral valve prolapse causes?

A

Mitr valve regurge after click

65
Q

when standing and sqautting has impact on S4 sound - meaning - karbord - reason

A

Mitral valve regurge (diff from tri.) - squat later click shorter murmur - stand or valsalva man. sooner click longer murmur

66
Q

reason of when standing and sqautting has impact on S4 sound

A

squat more vein return more blood in ventricle more space = later leaflet prolapse - standing less vein return

67
Q

valsalva maneuver

A

to slow too fast heart - hold nose force breath out mouth - trigger to normal rhythm - causes sooner click and longer murmur on Mitral S4

Cardiology Osmosis Videos (1 decks)

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