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Vestibular Rehab > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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Preparativo Vestibular e ENEM flashcards
1
Q

Berg Balance Scale low risk of falls:

A

41-56

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2
Q

Berg Balance Scale high risk of falls:

A

0-20

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3
Q

Berg Balance Scale moderate risk of falls:

A

21-40

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4
Q

DGI safe ambulators

A

22/24

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5
Q

DGI predictive of falls

A

<19/24

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6
Q

Functional Reach test indication of falls:

A

< 6 inches

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7
Q

Oscillopsia

A

gaze instability

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8
Q

Sensory components of vestibular system:

A

angular acceleration
linear acceleration
positional sense in relation to gravity

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9
Q

Motor components of vestibular system:

A

providing a clear image of surrounding by controlling eye movements
equilibrium and postural maintenance

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10
Q

What detects linear acceleration?

A

utricle and saccule

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11
Q

What detects angular acceleration?

A

semi-circular canals

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12
Q

Endolymph

A

fluid that fills the membranous labyrinth

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13
Q

Perilymph

A

fluid that surrounds the membranous barrier

supports and cushions

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14
Q

Semi circular canal pairs:

A

R anterior- L posterior

L anterior- R posterior

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15
Q

How do the semicircular canals detect angular acceleration?

A

through displacement of the cupula

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16
Q

Horizontal semicircular canals:

A

directs rotation of the head around the vertical axis
-transverse plan
(turning head before crossing the road)

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17
Q

Anterior/Superior Semicircular Canal

A

detects rotation of the head around the lateral axis
-sagittal plane
(nodding your head)

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18
Q

Posterior Semicircular Canal

A

detects rotation of the head around the frontal axis
left/right; coronal plane
move head to touch shoulders

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19
Q

What does the utricle sense?

A

horizontal
gravity sensitive
senses linear acceleration (driving)

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20
Q

What does the saccule sense?

A

vertical movement

elevator, sit to stand

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21
Q

Superior division of cranial nerve VIII

A

anterior and horizontal canals and utricle

22
Q

Inferior division of cranial nerve VIII

A

posterior canals and saccule

23
Q

Anterior division of vestibular artery

A

anterior and horizontal canals and utricle

24
Q

Posterior division of vestibular artery

A

posterior canals and saccule

25
Q

What muscles do Oculomotor innervate:

A

superior rectus
inferior oblique
inferior rectus
medial rectus

26
Q

What muscles does Trochlear nerve innervate:

A

superior oblique

27
Q

What muscle does Abducens innervate:

A

lateral rectus

28
Q

VOR:

A

holds image steady on the retina during brief head rotations

29
Q

Eye movements with R posterior canal and L anterior

A

clockwise and downbeating

30
Q

Eye movements with both horizontal canal:

A

horizontal and left/right (opposite side)

31
Q

Eye movements with R anterior canal and L posterior

A

counterclockwise and downbeating

32
Q

Nystagmus

A

involuntary

rapid and repetitive eye movements

33
Q

What is the slow phase of nystagmus generated by?

A

vestibular system

34
Q

What is the fast phase of nystagmus generated by?

A

saccadic system

35
Q

Smooth pursuit

A

the ability of the eyes to closely follow a moving target

36
Q

Saccades:

A

rapid eye movements that allows the jump from one point of fixation to another

small: reading a book
large: scanning a room

37
Q

Optokinetic

A

eye movements in response to tracking a rotating field

38
Q

Visual fixation

A

maintaining visual gaze on a stationary object

gaze held on the fovea

39
Q

Vergence:

A

simultaneous movement of both eyes in opposite directions

40
Q

Vestibulo-spinal Reflexes

A

responsible for upright posture and head stabilization

41
Q

Vestibulo-collic Reflexes

A

responsible for stabilizing the head in respect to space

utilizes neck musculature to stabilize the head upon movement sensed by the otoliths or canals

42
Q

Role of vestibular system in postural control:

A

sensing and perceiving self motion
orienting to vertical
controlling center of mass
stabilizing the head

43
Q

Psychogenic dizziness

A

anxiety, hyperventilation, panic

depression

44
Q

What is bilateral peripheral vestibular hypofunction most often caused by?

A

drug ototoxicity

45
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

infection of the labyrinth
gradual onset
hearing loss is present
spontaneous horizontal rotary nystagmus beating toward the good ear

46
Q

Vestibular Neuritis

A

affects vestibularcochlear nerve
sudden onset
hearing loss NOT present

47
Q

Migraine without Aura

A

common migraine
periodic headache, throbbing and unilateral
exacerbated by activity
nausea,

48
Q

Migraine with Aura

A

classic migraine

transient neurological systems-sensory, motor or cognitive

49
Q

Basilar Migraine

A

2 or more neurological problems followed by a throbbing headache
vertigo 5min-1 hour

50
Q

Perilymphatic fistula

A

most commonly at oval window of middle ear

hx of head trauma

Vestibular Rehab (1 decks)

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