Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards
Musculoskeletal system
The name used to describe the muscular system and the skeletal system working together
Articulating bones
Bones that meet at a joint to enable movement
Synovial joint
An area of the body where two or more articulating bones meet
Tendons
Very strong, non-elastic cords that join muscle to bone.
Bursae
A sac filled with liquid, floating inside the joint, to reduce friction between tendon and bone
Cartilage
A tough but flexible tissue that acts as a buffer between the bones, preventing bones rubbing together and causing friction.
Synovial fluid
A clear and slippery liquid that lubricates the joint and stops the bones rubbing together.
Ligaments
Bands of elastic fibre that attach bone to bone, keeping the joints stable by restricting movement.
Synovial membrane
The lining inside the joint capsule that secretes synovial fluid.
Joint capsule
Tissue that stops synovial fluid from escaping and encloses, supports and holds the bones together.
Agonist
The muscle or group of muscles that contract to create movement. The prime mover works in an antagonist pair with the antagonist.
Antagonist
The muscle or group of muscles that relax to allow a movement to take place. The antagonist works in an antagonist pair with the agonist.
Isotonic contraction
A muscle contraction where the muscle changes length when it contracts, resulting in limb movement. Isotonic contractions can be concentric or eccentric.
Isometric contraction
A muscle contraction where the length of the muscle does not change when it contracts. There is no limb movement as a result.
Cardio-respiratory system
The name used to describe the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system working together.
