Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Sebaceous glands

Answer 1

Secretes sebum which lubricates hair and skin, making humans waterproof, kills bacteria

Question 2

Epidermis

Answer 2

The outermost layer of the skin, composed of stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 3

Stratum Basale

Answer 3

Bottom layer of the epidermis where cell division occurs, cells go up to the surface, and eventually dies off bc of loss of blood supply. Things that are present here: Sensory receptors (pain and temperature sensations), and tactile cells(touch receptors)

Question 4

Melanocytes

Answer 4

Cells present in the Stratum Basale responsible for skin pigmentation

Question 5

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 5

Middle layer of the epidermis where calluses form in thick skin areas. Provides additional layer of protection and protection from friction

Question 6

Stratum Corneum

Answer 6

Top layer of the epidermis with flat, composed of dead, flat, and hard cells where keratinization occurs, protecting the body from water loss and gives barrier to microbes

Question 7

Acne

Answer 7

inflammation of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

Question 8

Alopecia

Answer 8

Hair loss or baldness, when the hair shaft does not produce hair

Question 9

arrector pili muscle

Answer 9

The contraction of muscle. Responsible for hair erection when you get cold

Question 10

Sweat glands

Answer 10

Coiled, tubular glands that produce sweat to lower help regulate body temperature, with different densities on various body parts

Question 11

Hyperhidrosis

Answer 11

When you sweat more than normal. Treated by thoracic sympathectomy and with boxtox injections which paralyze the gland

Question 12

Dermis

Answer 12

Layer of skin below the epidermis, composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers. Has dermal papillae(connected to epidermis) which are ridges from nerves that make our fingerprints. Blood vessels are present causing blushing or red skin.

Question 13

Decubitus ulcers

Answer 13

Also known as bed sores, caused by decreased blood flow to an area of the skin. Areas with little far and muscle over boney prominences are common sites of bed sores. Can prevent this by regularly repositioning.