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Dental Assistant > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Farther away from a point

A

Distal

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2
Q

Toward the front (surface of the teeth)

A

Anterior

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3
Q

Toward the back (surface of the teeth)

A

Posterior

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4
Q

They are the smallest units in the human body. The structure of __is based on the function of that __.

A

Cells

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5
Q

primary tissue found in the human body

A

epithelial

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6
Q

primary tissue found in the human body

A

connective

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7
Q

primary tissue found in the human body

A

muscle

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8
Q

primary tissue found in the human body

A

nervous

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9
Q

They work together as a team to keep each body system functioning

A

Organs

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10
Q

Known as compact bone, is hard, dense, and strong

A

Cortical bone

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11
Q

also known as spongy bone, not as strong

A

Cancellous bone

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12
Q

a hinge joint that allows for jaw movement. It makes it possible for the lower jaw to move so that we can speak and chew

A

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

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13
Q

outside of the mouth

A

extraoral

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14
Q

(upper) teeth, soft palate

A

Maxillary

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15
Q

the specialized tissue that lines the inside of the mouth

A

mucous membrane

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16
Q

an opening bone through which blood vessels,nerves, and ligaments pass

A

Foramen

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17
Q

means pertaining to or directed toward the cheek (surface of the tooth)

A

buccal

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18
Q

Winglike tip on the outer side of each nostril

A

Ala of the nose

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19
Q

Cartilaginous projection anterior to the external opening of the ear.

A

Tragus of the ear

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20
Q

Also referred to as the mouth

A

Oral cavity

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21
Q

one of the body’s most versatile organs, is responsible for speech, positioning food while eating, tasting and tactile sensations, swallowing, and cleansing the oral cavity

A

Tongue

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22
Q

a narrow band of tissue that connects two structures

A

Frenum

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23
Q

produce saliva that lubricates and cleans the oral cavity and helps with digestion

A

Salivary glands

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24
Q

They serve as the roof of the mouth

A

Hard and soft palate

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25
Q

roof closer to the teeth

A

hard palate

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26
Q

the back of the roof

A

soft palate

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27
Q

an involuntary protective mechanism located in the posterior region of the mouth

A

Gag reflex

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28
Q

the alveolar bone made up of hard compact bone. It is the part of the mexilla

A

Alveolar process

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29
Q

the highest point of the alveolar ridge. In an unhealthy mouth, it can be destroyed

A

Alveolar crest

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30
Q

the space within the alveolar process in which the root of a tooth is held in place by the periodontal ligament

A

Alveolar socket

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31
Q

the mucous membrane lining inside your mouth

A

Oral mucosa

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32
Q

commonly referred to as the gums, is masticatory mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of each tooth

A

Gingivae

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33
Q

refers to the natural teeth in the mouth

A

Dentition

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34
Q

How many teeth is there in a primary dentition?

A

20 teeth

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35
Q

the normal process by which primary teeth are shed. The root of the teeth is resorbed (removed by a normal body process)

A

Exfoliation

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36
Q

has some permanent and some primary teeth

A

Mixed Dentition

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37
Q

eruption of all 32 of the permanent teeth

A

Permanent Dentition

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38
Q

part of the skull, is fixed and not capable of movement

A

Maxillary arch

39
Q

capable of movement

A

mandibular arch

40
Q

two arches, each divided into halves, create four sections, which are called…

A

quadrants

41
Q

identifies right and left

A

midline

42
Q

identifies maxillary and mandibular

A

Occlusal plain

43
Q

How many sextants are in each arch?

A

3

44
Q

5 teeth/1-5

A

Maxillary right posterior sextant

45
Q

6 teeth/6-11

A

Maxillary anterior sextant

46
Q

5 teeth/12-16

A

Maxillary left posterior sextant

47
Q

5 teeth/17-21

A

Mandibular left posterior sextant

48
Q

6 teeth/22-27

A

Mandibular anterior sextant

49
Q

5 teeth/28-32

A

Mandibular right posterior sextant

50
Q

How many types of teeth are in the human dentition?

A

4

51
Q

single-rooted, sharp and thin edge

A

Incisors

52
Q

referred to as cuspids located at the “corner”, thick, with one pointed cusp. They have the longest root and are the most stable teeth

A

canines

53
Q

known as bicuspids, broader chewing surface

A

Premolars

54
Q

the largest teeth in the mouth, largest chewing surface

A

Molars

55
Q

toward the front of the mouth, they are the incisors and canines

A

Anterior

56
Q

toward the back of the mouth, they are the premolars and molars

A

posterior

57
Q

the portion of the tooth covered with enamel. The size remains the same, throughout the life of the tooth, regardless of the position of the gingiva (also referred to as gums)

A

Anatomic crown

58
Q

the portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth. The length can vary during the life cycle of the tooth, depending on the location of the gingiva. position becomes longer as the surrounding gingiva recedes.

A

Clinical crown

59
Q

lowers in position

A

recedes

60
Q

the portion of the tooth that is normally embedded in the alveolar process and is covered with cementum. Depending on the type of tooth, one, two, or three roots may be present

A

root

61
Q

placed in

A

embedded

62
Q

the tapered end of each root tip is known as the

A

Apex

63
Q

Anything that is located at the Apex is referred to as …

A

apical

64
Q

narrow

A

tapered

65
Q

the narrow area of the tooth where the crown and the root meet

A

Cervix

66
Q

By how many tissues are teeth composed?

A

4 (enamel,dentin, cementum, and the pulp)

67
Q

makes up the anatomic crown of the tooth, is the hardest material of the body. Is translucent and ranges in color from yellow-white to gray-white. Does not contain cells that can repair themselves, some remineralization is possible

A

Enamel

68
Q

the substance allows some light to pass through it

A

Translucent

69
Q

makes up the main portion of the tooth structure and extends the entire length of the tooth. In the permanent teeth, it is yellow and somewhat transparent. And the color tends to darken as we age

A

Dentin

70
Q

caviries

A

decay

71
Q

spongy

A

porous

72
Q

microscopic canals

A

dentinal tubules

73
Q

excessive drying

A

dehydration

74
Q

sudden temperature changes

A

thermal shock

75
Q

is the inner portion of the tooth. It is made up of connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves

A

Pulp

76
Q

the portion of the pulp that lies within the crown portion of the tooth is called__, it includes the pulp horns, which are extensions of the pulp that project toward the cusp tips and incisal edges

A

Coronal pulp

77
Q

chamber

A

coronal

78
Q

tips on the teeth

A

cusp tips

79
Q

With increasing age, the pulp chamber becomes __.

A

smaller

80
Q

Blood supply of derived from branches of the__.

A

Dental Arteries

81
Q

The __ in the pulp receive and transmit pain stimuli.

A

nerves

82
Q

protects the root of the tooth. It is more porous to help the periodontal ligaments attach to the tooth. If it becomes exposed because of gingival recession and bone loss, then it becomes sensitive and susceptible to decay.

A

Cementum

83
Q

is located between alveolar process and cementum

A

periodontal ligaments

84
Q

is dense connective tissue organized that connect the cementum covering the root of the tooth with the alveolar bone of the socket

A

Periodontal ligament

85
Q

How many surfaces does each tooth has?

A

5

86
Q

closest to the lips, surfaces closest to the cheeks are the buccal surfaces

A

facial surface

87
Q

closest to the tongue

A

lingual surface

88
Q

the chewing surface of anterior teeth

A

incisal surface

89
Q

the chewing surface of posterior teeth

A

occlusal surface

90
Q

surface closest to the midline

A

mesial surface

91
Q

surface away from the midline

A

distal surface

92
Q

the relationship between your maxillary teeth and mandibular teeth and how they come together when you bite down

A

Occlusion

93
Q

raised areas

A

Cusps

94
Q

approved by the American Dental Association (ADA), is used throughout the United states

A

Universal National System

Dental Assistant (1 decks)

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