Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Which of the following ligaments travels in the upper part of the broad ligaments below and in front of the fallopian tubes, passing over the vesicle vessels and nerve?
Cardinal
Uterosacral
Round
Pubofemoral
Round
The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the:
Subclavian
Carotid
Brachiocephalic
Radial
Left Subclavian
Which organ is completely retroperitoneal?
Liver
Kidney
Colon
Duodenum
kidney
Which of the following nerves is located lateral to the long thoracic nerve and innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Thoracodorsal
Long thoracic
Lateral pectoral
Subscapular
Thoracodorsal
Which of the following is the nourishing coat of the eyeball that consists mainly of blood vessels?
Iris
Chorid
Ciliary body
Central artery
Choroid
Collagen is produced by which of the following connective tissue cells?
Leukocytes
Osteoclasts
Fibroblasts
Erythrocytes
Fibroblasts
What is normal cardiac output for an adult?
4-8 L/minute
8-12 L/minute
12-16 L/minute
16-20 L.minute
4-8 L/ Minute
The white line of Hilton is situated:
Between the superior hemorrhoidal artery and middle hemorrhoidal artery
In the area between the proximal two-thirds and distal third of the transverse colon
Between the external and internal anal sphincters
Between the rectum and vagina
Between the external and internal sphincters
Two-thirds of the breast tissue rests on the pectoralis major muscle and the other one-third rests on the:
Pectoralis minor
Teres minor
Serratus anterior
External oblique
Serratus Anterior
Which of the following veins drains the right side of the verebral column?
Thoracic
Lumbar
Azygos
Posterior intercostal
Azygos
The arterial blood supply to the nose is from branches of the internal and external:
Inferior thyroid artery
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Facial
Ethmoid
Which of the following statements describes a nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve?
Variant laryngeal nerve that branches from the vagus and travels directly into the larynx
Variant laryngeal nerve and innervates the thyrohyoid membrane
Variant laryngeal nerve that branches off the right recurrent laryngeal nerve and innervates the cricothyroid muscle
Variant laryngeal nerve that branches off the spinal branch of the accessory nerve an innervates the larynx
Variant laryngeal nerve that branches from the vagus and travels directly into the larynx
The series of arcades along the mesenteric border throughout the length of the colon is called the:
Arc of Riolan
Marginal artery of Drummond
Pancreaticoduodenal arch
Paracolic arcade
Marginal Artery of Drummond
Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes:
Splenomegaly
Acromegaly
Cardiomegaly
Hepatomegaly
Acromegaly
The three structures that form the anatomical triangle of Calot:
Cystic artery, right hepatic duct, common bile duct
Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, lower edge of the liver
Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, abdominal aorta
Cystic artery, common bile duct, superior edge of duodenum
Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, lower edge of the liver
A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called:
Catabolism
Metabolism
Glycogenesis
Anabolism
Catabolism
In the inner lining of the mucosa of the GI tract composed of:
Smooth muscle
Areolar connective tissue
Epithelium
Elastic connective tissue
Epithelium
Which of the following are branches of the left coronary artery?
Anterior interventricular and right marginal
Posterior interventricular and diagonal
Circumflex and anterior descending arteries
Sinoatrial nodal and atrioventricular nodal
circumflex and anterior descending arteries
The celiac artery trifurcates into the:
Left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries
Internal and external iliac and femoral arteries
Lumbar, gastric and splenic arteries
Renal, testicular and suprarenal arteries
Left Gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries
The carotid body and carotid sinus are two sensory structures; the carotid body is a:
Chemoreceptor
Neuroreceptor
Peptide receptor
Beta-adrenergic receptor
Chemoreceptor
( designed to monitor oxygen levels)
The dura plane that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum is the:
Roof cerebli, flat
Tentorium cerebelli, transverse
Transverse cerebelli, sigmoid
Triangle cerebelli, sagittal
Tentorium cerebelli, transverse
Which of the following is a principal muscle of the pelvic floor?
Rectus abdominis
Internal oblique
Levator ani
Sartorius
Lavator ani
Lymph channels run parallel to which structures?
Nerves
Veins
Arteries
Ligaments
Veins
The arterial supply to the bladder is derived mainly from the:
Obturator
Internal pudendal
Internal iliac
Umbilical
Internal iliac
Which of the following veins drains the intracranial venous sinuses to veins on the outside of the skull?
Emissary
Middle cerebral
Cerebellar veins
Radial veins
Emissary
Where do the mental nerves and vessels exit from the mandible?
Fissure
Fossa
Fontanel
Foramen
foramen
Which of the following ligaments encloses the round ligament and extends from the lateral surface of the uterus to the pelvic wall?
Suspensory
Ovarian
Infundibulopelvic
Broad
Broad
The ophthalmic artery divides into the:
Supraorbital and supratrochlear
Internal and external carotid
Middle meningeal and dorsal nasal
Episcleral and posterior ciliary
Supraorbital and supratrochlear
Deoxygenated blood is carried from the right ventricle to the lungs via which strucutre?
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Coronary artery
Vena cava
Pulmonary Arteries
The veins of Sappey drain the:
Spleen
Bladder
Diaphragm
Lumbar verebrae
Diaphragm
Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the superior oblique muscle?
Olfactory (I)
Optic (II)
Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Trochlear (IV)
An anzyme active in the digestion of starches is:
Amylase
Trypsin
Lipase
Lactase
Amylase
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic
Thoracic
Median
Thoracodorsal
Phrenic
Which of the following is the loose areolar tissue that separates the breast from the pectoralis major muscle?
Subcutaneous tissue
Retromammary space
Cooper’s ligament
Superficial fascia
Retromammary Space
Another name for the folds on the inner wall of the stomach is:
Microvilli
Plicae
Rugae
Pylorus
Rugae
The anastomosis, or linking, of arcades between the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels is known as the long anastomosis of:
Roe
Riolan
Douglas
Retzius
Riolan
The three protective tissue layers called the meninges lie in the following order, starting with the most superficial:
Arachnoid, dura mater, pia mater
Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid
Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
Arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater
Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
The cartilage distal to the thyroid cartilage and proximal to the thyroid gland is the:
Articular
Cricoid
Tracheal
Hyoid
Cricoid
The valve that prevents the retrograde flow of blood into the atrium from the left ventricle is the:
Tricuspid
Pulmonary
Mitral
Aortic
Mitral
The recurrent laryngeal nerve that supplies the vocal cords lies very close to the:
Inferior thyroid artery
Brachial artery
External carotid
Subclavian artery
Inferior Thyroid Artery
At what point does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?
Within the inguinal canal
At the location of the inguinal ligament
At the location of the ilioinguinal nerve
Within the triangle of doom
at the location of the inguinal ligament
A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone is called a:
Crest
Trochlea
Tubercle
Condyle
condyle
Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?
Trochlear (IV)
Trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Abducens (VI)
The ovary is suspended from the posterior leaf of the broad ligament by the:
Mesovarium
Parietal peritoneum
Ovarian ligament
Uterus
Mesovarium
Langer lines generally lie perpendicular to the direction of:
Skin folds
Underlying muscle tension
A midline incision
Movement of the bone joints
underlying muscle tension
Which cells secrete pepsinogen?
Beta
Islands of Langerhans
Chief
Parietal
Chief
Which vein is shared by the pancreas and liver?
Superior vena cava
Subclavian
Portal
Renal
Portal