anatomy and physiology Flashcards
what does biomechanics enable performers and coaches to do?
> analyse performance ( e.g. golf swing)
maximise movement efficiency and sporting technique (e.g. athletics)
reduce or prevent injuries ( e.g. rugby tackling positions)
design and choose thhe correct equipment to satisfy the demands of the activity ( e.g. design of the bike in cycling)
what is newton’s first law - the law of inertia?
a body will remain in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted on by an external force
what is an example in sport of newton’s law of inertia?
the rugby ball will remain in a state of rest on its tee until it is acted upon by the external force of the players foot
what is newton’s second law - the law of acceleration?
a body’s rate of change of momentum is proportional to the size of the force applied and acts in the same direction as the force applied
what is an example in sport of newton’s law of acceleration?
the rate of change in momentum of the rugby ball is proportional to the size of the force applied by the player’s foot to the ball. the ball will travel in the same direction as the force applied
what is the equation linked to newton’s law of acceleration?
force = mass x acceleration
what is newton’s third law - the law of reaction?
for every action force applied to a body there is an equal and opposite reaction force
what is an example in sport of newton’s law of reaction?
in rugby, the force applied from the player’s foot to the ball will be applied back from the ball to the foot simultaneously. thhe forces will be equal and travel in the opposite direction of each other
what are the measurements used in biomechhanics?
> force
mass
inertia
distance
what is velocity?
the rate of change in displacement
what is the equation for velocity?
velocity (m/s) = displacement (m) / time taken (s)
what is momentum?
the quantity of motion expressed by a moving body
what is the equation for momentum?
momentum (kg m/s) = mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)
what is acceleration?
thhe rate of change in velocity
what is the equation for acceleration?
acceleration (m/s/s) = final velocity (m/s) - initial velocity (m/s) / time taken (s)
