anatomy and physiology

Question 1

Definition of anterior

Answer 1

to the front/in front

Question 2

Definition of posterior

Answer 2

To the rear/behind

Question 3

Definition of medial

Answer 3

Towards the midline/axis

Question 4

Definition of lateral

Answer 4

away from the midline/axis

Question 5

Definition of proximal

Answer 5

closest to

Question 6

Definition of distal

Answer 6

furthest away

Question 7

Definition of superior

Answer 7

above

Question 8

Definition of inferior

Answer 8

below

Question 9

9 examples of long bones

Answer 9

humerous, femur, fibula, tibia, ulna, radius, metacarpals, phalanges, metatarsals

Question 10

2 examples of short bones

Answer 10

carpals and tarsals of the wrist and ankles

Question 11

4 flat bones

Answer 11

cranium, ribs, sternum, scapula

Question 12

2 examples of irregular bones

Answer 12

vertebrae and pelvis

Question 13

1 example of a sesamoid bone

Answer 13

patella

Question 14

Definition of axial skeleton
4 examples of the bones in the axial skeleton

Answer 14

main core of the skeleton
cranium, sternum, vertebrae, ribs

Question 15

10 examples of bones in the appendicular skeleton

Answer 15

humerus, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, ulna, radius, carpals metacarpals, patella, pelvis

Question 16

order of the vertebral column from top to bottom and the number of bones in them

Answer 16

cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5), coccyx (4)

Question 17

4 functions of the vertebral column

Answer 17

1) protect the spinal chord
2) support the rib cage (thoracic)
3) support body weight ( lumbar)
4) offers attachment for muscles in the back

Question 18

what are the two postural deviations

Answer 18

Kyphosis, scoliosis

Question 19

Describe Kyphosis

Answer 19

Gives a hunchback appearance, the excessive outward curve (spine bends from front to back) of the thoracic region

Question 20

Describe scoliosis

Answer 20

abnormal curvature of the spine from left to right creating s shaped appearance. Most common in the thoracic region

Question 21

8 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 21

support, protection, source of blood cell production, store of minerals, attachment, leverage, weight bearing, reduction friction across a joint

Question 22

Function of support

Answer 22

your bones give you shape and provide the supporting framework for the soft tissue of your body

Question 23

function of protection

Answer 23

bones surround and protect vital organs

Question 24

function of blood cell production

Answer 24

blood vessels feed the centre of your bone, and stored within is bone marrow. This continually produces red and white blood cells.

Question 25

function of mineral storage

Answer 25

bones hold minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, essential for bone growth and health. These minerals ae released into the blood

Question 26

function of long bones

Answer 26

movement, support

Question 27

functions of short bones

Answer 27

fine or small movements, shock absorption, weight bearing

Question 28

functions of sesamoid bone

Answer 28

protection, reduction of friction across a joint

Question 29

function of irregular bones

Answer 29

protection (spinal chord), movement