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ANAPHYN LAB #4 (N1C) - LEONARDO, SEAN P. > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs, kidneys

A

GROSS ANATOMY

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3
Q

all structures in particular region of the body (abdomen or leg region)

A

REGIONAL

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4
Q

body structures are examined system by system (cardiovascular, neuro, nephron
etc)

A

SYSTEMIC

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5
Q

study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface

A

SURFACE

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6
Q

deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye(cytology,
histology)

A

MICROSCOPIC

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7
Q

traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span

A

DEVELOPMENTAL

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8
Q

studies the function of the body, how the body parts work
and carry out their life-sustaining activities

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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9
Q

Forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury.

A

Integumentary system

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10
Q

Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement

A

Skeletal system

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11
Q

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression

A

Muscular system

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12
Q

Smallest unit of life

A

CELLS

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13
Q

Phospholipid bilayer with protein molecules plugged in as a fluid
mosaic

A

Plasma Membrane

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14
Q

intracellular fluid packed
with organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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15
Q

organelle that controls
cellular activities

A

Nucleus

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16
Q

includes interstitial fluids, blood plasma,
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

ECF (extracellular fluid)

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17
Q

substances that aid in digestion (gastric fluids) or act as
lubricants (saliva)

A

Cellular secretions

18
Q

most abundant material, jellylike substance
composed of proteins and polysaccharides

A

Extracellular matrix (ECM)

19
Q

forms the fabric of the membrane (phospholipid +
cholesterol)

A

Membrane Lipids

20
Q

allows the membrane to communicate with its environment, responsible for specialized membrane function

A

Membrane Proteins

21
Q

includes glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Glycocalyx (carbohydrate rich area) provides identity molecules for specific
biologicals markers.

A

Membrane Carbohydrates

22
Q

allow neighboring cells to adhere and to communicate,
inhibit or aid in allowing movement of molecules between cells

A

Cell Junctions

23
Q

encloses the cell, separating the cytoplasm from
the extracellular fluid

A

Physical Barrier

24
Q

determines which substances enters or exit the cell

A

Selective Permeability

25
Q

plasma membrane proteins interact with specific chemical messengers and relay messages to the cell interior

A

Communication

26
Q

cell surface carbohydrates allow cells to
recognize each other

A

Cell Recognition

27
Q

either through a) binding to carrier proteins or b) through water filled channel
proteins

A

Facilitated Diffusion

27
Q

diffuse directly through the lipid
bilayer (usually small nonpolar molecules that readily dissolve in lipids)

A

Simple Diffusion

28
Q

diffusion of a solvent through a
membrane

A

Osmosis

29
Q

Refers to the ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by
altering the cells; internal water volume

A

TONICITY

30
Q

have the same concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes as those
found in the cells, retain shape, exhibit no net loss or gain of water

A

Isotonic

31
Q

higher concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than seen in the cell, lose water, shrivel or crenate

A

Hypertonic

32
Q

more dilute than cells, cells plump up or lyse

A

Hypotonic

33
Q

Requires transport proteins that combine specifically and
reversibly with the transported substances

A

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

34
Q

Also termed as voltage, electrical potential energy resulting from
the separation of oppositely charged particles

A

Membrane Potential

35
Q

in which cells come
together, touch and recognize one
another. Useful in development and
immunity

A

Contact Signaling

36
Q

process in which a
ligand (chemical messenger) binds a
specific receptor and initiates a
response

A

Chemical Signaling

37
Q

signals from the nervous system

A

Neurotransmitters

38
Q

signals from the endocrine system

A

Hormones

39
Q

chemicals that act locally and are rapidly destroyed

A

Paracrines

ANAPHYN LAB #4 (N1C) - LEONARDO, SEAN P. (1 decks)

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