Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
body is erect, feet parallel with shoulders, arms hanging at sides with palms facing foward and head is up
anatomical position
state of body in balance (equillibrium)
homeostasis
How does the body maintain homeostasis
feedback mechanisms
homeostatic control mechanisms in order
stimulus, receptor, control center, effector, response
stimulus:
change in the enviorment
receptor
senses change in the environment and responds by sending information to the control center
control center
analyzes information, determines the appropriate response, and activates the effector
effector
muscle or gland- preforms the response
response
causes stimulus to decline (negative) or causes stimulus to enhance (positive)
When the response causes the initial stimulus to DECLINE, the homeostatic mechanism is called
negative
When the response causes the initial stimulus to ENHANCES, the homeostatic mechanism is called
Positive
Examples of negative homeostatic mechanism
temperature, blood pressure, blood sugar
Examples of positive homeostatic mechanisms
childbirth, blood clotting
Correct way to order these terms: Organ, cell, organ system, tissue, organism
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
In anatomical position, the face and palms are on the _____ body surface, the scapular and gluteal regions are on the _____ body surface making the top of the head (cephalic) the most _____. part of the body and feet the most ___ part of the body. (choose from anterior, posterior, inferior, and superior)
IN ORDER: anterior, posterior, superior, inferior
The Otics are ____ to the acromial, and ___ to the nasal. The heart is _____ to the vertebral, ___ to the lungs, and _____ to the ribcage. ( choose from deep, medial, superior, lateral, anterior)
IN ORDER_ superior, lateral, medial, deep
The skin is ___ to the ribcage. The cubital is ____ to the digitals, but ___ to the acromial. The ventral body surface can also be called the ___ body surface and the dorsal body surface can also be called the ___ body surface. (choose from superficial, proximal, distal, anterior, posterior)
IN ORDER: superficial, proximal, distal, anterior, posterior
If the heart is cut into left and right parts, the sections are divided along the _____ plane. If the heart is cut into anterior and posterior parts, the sections are divided along the ___ plane. The thoracic and abdominal-pelvic cavities are subdivisions of the ____ body cavity and are divided along the ______ plane. The cranial and spinal cavities are subdivisions of the ____ body cavity. ( choose from dorsal, frontal, transverse, ventral sagittal)
sagittal, frontal, ventral, transverse, dorsal
cell plasma membrane can also be identified as the ________. it is _____, because only certain substances are allowed in or out. There are two major types of cell transport, _____ and ______. _____ transport does not require energy to occur. ( choose from semi-permeable, phospholipid bi-layer, active, passive)
Phospholipid bilayer, semi-permeable, active, passive
The movement of molecules from a region of high contraction to a region of low concentration is referred to as ______. Water molecules over across the plasma
The movement of molecules from a region of high contraction to a region of low concentration is referred to as ______. Water molecules over across the plasma
The movement of molecules from a region of high contraction to a region of low concentration is referred to as ______. Water molecules over across the plasma
The movement of molecules from a region of high contraction to a region of low concentration is referred to as ______. Water molecules over across the plasma
The movement of molecules from a region of high contraction to a region of low concentration is referred to as ______. Water molecules over across the plasma
