Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
1
Q
A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have a decrease sensation in?
A
The arm
2
Q
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone?
A
Hyoid bone
3
Q
Which of the following statements best describes the endocrine glands?
A
They secrete chemicals into the blood
4
Q
Diet is important because bones are storage places for?
A
Calcium and Phosphorus
5
Q
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
A
Urethra
6
Q
What structure conduct urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?
A
Ureter
7
Q
When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten a large amount of?
A
Carrot and Squash
8
Q
Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?
A
Palms of the hand facing anterior
9
Q
Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
A
Shoulder
10
Q
Which anatomical structure houses malleus, incus, and stapes?
A
Skull ear
11
Q
What are like cells grouped together called?
A
Tissue
12
Q
The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?
A
Popliteal Artery
13
Q
Ceruminous glands secrete
A
Ear wax
14
Q
What type of joint is the elbow?
A
Hinge joint
15
Q
What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when ADH hormone is secreted?
A
Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate
16
Q
What is the function of thrombocytes?
A
Blood clotting
17
Q
Which muscles of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower extremity?
A
Vastus lateralis
18
Q
Which structure is located on the sternum?
A
Xiphoid process
19
Q
Two principles division that make up the nervous system?
A
The Peripheral (PNS) and The Central (CNS)
20
Q
Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?
A
Protein
21
Q
What are hormones?
A
Chemical messengers
22
Q
What are fingerprints made of?
A
Friction ridges
23
Q
Which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?
A
Pelvic region
24
Q
Which one increases angle at the joint?
A
Extensor
25
What bones are formed first during intramembranous ossification?
Flat bone of facial and cranial
26
What makes up most of plasma?
Water
27
Heart with the largest layer?
Left ventricle
28
Distal convoluted tubule works with what hormone?
ADH
29
What muscle extends knee and stabilizes it ?
Vastus Lateralis
30
Which organ system is responsible for regulating muscle growth?
The Endocrine system
31
What carries blood from the body in order to exchange nutrients, oxygen and waste?
Capillaries
32
Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the side surface of the lower extremity?
Vastus Lateralis
33
Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?
Hemoglobin
34
Which gland is the master gland?
Pituitary Gland
35
A sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structures?
Ligaments
36
Aqueous humor is a watery fluid in which part of the body?
The eye
37
Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs?
Pulmonary Vein
38
Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning?
Temporal lobe
39
What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?
Cochlea
40
Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?
Fallopian tubes
41
Where is the tubialis anterior muscle located?
Lower leg
42
The mitral valve is located between what structures?
Left atrium and Left ventricle
43
What are the vessels that carry blood from the body to the heart?
Vena Cava
44
Hormones that are produced by the ovaries?
Progesterone and Estrogen
45
Plane that divides the body into right and left sides?
Sagittarius Plane
46
The Orthopedic Surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What is he describing?
The Epiphysis
47
Which term is used to describe movement of the arm and legs away from the midline of the body?
Abduction
48
Structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck?
Carotid Artery
49
Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
50
What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
Carry Oxygen
51
What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function?
Rise in CO2 and fall in O2
52
Which condition causes a client to say “I can’t see far away.”?
Nearsightedness
53
What is the outermost protective layer of the skin?
Epidermis
54
```
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermidius
Are muscles of the what?
```
Quadricep Femoris
55
What is the name of the soft spot on the babies head?
Fontanelle
56
A boxer gets hit and ends up getting a deviated septum?
Vomer
57
Where does fertilization occur?
Fallopian Tubes
58
What are the types of tissues?
Muscle
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
59
Cellular contact is important for?
Wound healing
60
Most abundant tissue in the body?
Connective tissue
61
Name the division of the skeletal system that included the head, thorax,vertebral column, ribs and sternum?
Axial Skeleton
62
How many bones are in the Appendicular skeleton?
126
63
Name the division of the skeletal system that includes the shoulders, hips and extremities.
Appendicular Skeleton
64
How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton?
80
65
How many vertebrae are there?
26
66
The digestive tube that consists of the mouth,pharynx, esophagus,stomach,small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
Alimentary Canal
67
The smallest type of arteries
Arterioles
68
A ball of food that is formed after the food is broken down the teeth and saliva
Bonus
69
The basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs
Cell
70
The part of the brain responsible for muscular of acceleration
Cerebellum
71
The layer of skin that consists of the outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
Epidermis
72
The part of the brain associated with movement and sensory input
Cerebrum
73
The soupy substance that is created by the stomach churning and mixing the bolus food mass
Chyme
74
Muscles under conscious control
Voluntary muscles
75
An element of blood that is active in the process of blood clotting
Platelets
76
View toward the back
Posterior
77
A hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which further stimulates development of the endometrium
Progesterone
78
Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs, meaning closer to the point of attachment
Proximal
79
Small units that make up myofibrils,which make up each muscle cell
Sarcomeres
80
View from above
Superior
81
Muscles that work in cooperation with the prime mover muscle
Synergist
82
The type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction; each daughter cell receives the haploid number of chromosomes
Meiosis
83
The process in which DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells.
Mitosis
84
Type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells; phases include prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Mitosis
85
What are the phases of mitosis?
```
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
```
86
Connective tissue cells in nerve tissue
Neuralgia
87
The cells that form compact bone
Osteoblasts
88
Away from the midline or toward the sides
Lateral
89
White blood cells
Leukocytes
90
View toward the midline
Medial
91
The part of the brain that controls many vital functions such as respiration and heart rate.
Medulla Oblongata
92
The special cell division that takes place in the gonads ( the ovaries and testes). In the process of _______ the chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23, so when the egg and the sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct number chromosomes.
Meiosis
93
View from above
Inferior
94
The stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
Infudibulum
95
The exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells.
Internal Respiration
96
Red blood cells
Erythrocytes
97
Any of several major female sex hormones produced primarily by the ovarian follicles of female mammals, capable of inducing estrus, developing and maintaining secondary female sex characteristics, and preparing the uterus for the reception of a fertilized egg.
Estrogen
98
The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli
External Respiration
99
Blood cell formation
Hemopoiesis
100
The study of tissues
Histology
101
The layer of skin that consists of the underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin structures.
Dermis
102
Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs________ means farther away from the point of attachment
Distal
103
The main function of the _______ system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away wastes. The heart pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood on different sides ?
Circulatory
104
What system works to support structure for your body. It gives the body its shape, allows movement, makes blood cells, provides protection for organs and stores minerals?
Skeletal system
105
What system functions to break down and absorbs nutrients from the food and liquids that you consume to use for important things like energy, growth and repairing cells?
Digestive System
106
What system provides movement of the body and its parts, maintains posture, generates heat and stabilizes joints?
Muscular System
107
What system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning and memory. Together with the endocrine system it is responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis?
Nervous System
108
What system helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work. It cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, from your blood?
Respiratory System
109
What systems main function is to regulate short-term and long-term activities by sending hormones throughout the body?
Endocrine System
110
What system main function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by product?
Urinary System
