Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have a decrease sensation in?
The arm
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid bone
Which of the following statements best describes the endocrine glands?
They secrete chemicals into the blood
Diet is important because bones are storage places for?
Calcium and Phosphorus
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
Urethra
What structure conduct urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?
Ureter
When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten a large amount of?
Carrot and Squash
Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?
Palms of the hand facing anterior
Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
Shoulder
Which anatomical structure houses malleus, incus, and stapes?
Skull ear
What are like cells grouped together called?
Tissue
The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?
Popliteal Artery
Ceruminous glands secrete
Ear wax
What type of joint is the elbow?
Hinge joint
What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when ADH hormone is secreted?
Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate
What is the function of thrombocytes?
Blood clotting
Which muscles of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower extremity?
Vastus lateralis
Which structure is located on the sternum?
Xiphoid process
Two principles division that make up the nervous system?
The Peripheral (PNS) and The Central (CNS)
Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?
Protein
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers
What are fingerprints made of?
Friction ridges
Which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?
Pelvic region
Which one increases angle at the joint?
Extensor
What bones are formed first during intramembranous ossification?
Flat bone of facial and cranial
What makes up most of plasma?
Water
Heart with the largest layer?
Left ventricle
Distal convoluted tubule works with what hormone?
ADH
What muscle extends knee and stabilizes it ?
Vastus Lateralis
Which organ system is responsible for regulating muscle growth?
The Endocrine system
What carries blood from the body in order to exchange nutrients, oxygen and waste?
Capillaries
Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the side surface of the lower extremity?
Vastus Lateralis
Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?
Hemoglobin
Which gland is the master gland?
Pituitary Gland
A sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structures?
Ligaments
Aqueous humor is a watery fluid in which part of the body?
The eye
Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs?
Pulmonary Vein
Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning?
Temporal lobe
What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?
Cochlea
Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?
Fallopian tubes
Where is the tubialis anterior muscle located?
Lower leg
The mitral valve is located between what structures?
Left atrium and Left ventricle
What are the vessels that carry blood from the body to the heart?
Vena Cava
Hormones that are produced by the ovaries?
Progesterone and Estrogen
Plane that divides the body into right and left sides?
Sagittarius Plane
The Orthopedic Surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What is he describing?
The Epiphysis
Which term is used to describe movement of the arm and legs away from the midline of the body?
Abduction
Structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck?
Carotid Artery
Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
Carry Oxygen
What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function?
Rise in CO2 and fall in O2
Which condition causes a client to say “I can’t see far away.”?
Nearsightedness
What is the outermost protective layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermidius Are muscles of the what?
Quadricep Femoris
What is the name of the soft spot on the babies head?
Fontanelle
A boxer gets hit and ends up getting a deviated septum?
Vomer
Where does fertilization occur?
Fallopian Tubes
What are the types of tissues?
Muscle
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Cellular contact is important for?
Wound healing
Most abundant tissue in the body?
Connective tissue
Name the division of the skeletal system that included the head, thorax,vertebral column, ribs and sternum?
Axial Skeleton
How many bones are in the Appendicular skeleton?
126
Name the division of the skeletal system that includes the shoulders, hips and extremities.
Appendicular Skeleton
How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton?
80
How many vertebrae are there?
26
The digestive tube that consists of the mouth,pharynx, esophagus,stomach,small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
Alimentary Canal
The smallest type of arteries
Arterioles
A ball of food that is formed after the food is broken down the teeth and saliva
Bonus
The basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs
Cell
The part of the brain responsible for muscular of acceleration
Cerebellum
The layer of skin that consists of the outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
Epidermis
The part of the brain associated with movement and sensory input
Cerebrum
The soupy substance that is created by the stomach churning and mixing the bolus food mass
Chyme
Muscles under conscious control
Voluntary muscles
An element of blood that is active in the process of blood clotting
Platelets
View toward the back
Posterior
A hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which further stimulates development of the endometrium
Progesterone
Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs, meaning closer to the point of attachment
Proximal
Small units that make up myofibrils,which make up each muscle cell
Sarcomeres
View from above
Superior
Muscles that work in cooperation with the prime mover muscle
Synergist
The type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction; each daughter cell receives the haploid number of chromosomes
Meiosis
The process in which DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells.
Mitosis
Type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells; phases include prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Mitosis
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Connective tissue cells in nerve tissue
Neuralgia
The cells that form compact bone
Osteoblasts
Away from the midline or toward the sides
Lateral
White blood cells
Leukocytes
View toward the midline
Medial
The part of the brain that controls many vital functions such as respiration and heart rate.
Medulla Oblongata
The special cell division that takes place in the gonads ( the ovaries and testes). In the process of _______ the chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23, so when the egg and the sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct number chromosomes.
Meiosis
View from above
Inferior
The stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
Infudibulum
The exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells.
Internal Respiration
Red blood cells
Erythrocytes
Any of several major female sex hormones produced primarily by the ovarian follicles of female mammals, capable of inducing estrus, developing and maintaining secondary female sex characteristics, and preparing the uterus for the reception of a fertilized egg.
Estrogen
The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli
External Respiration
Blood cell formation
Hemopoiesis
The study of tissues
Histology
The layer of skin that consists of the underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin structures.
Dermis
Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs________ means farther away from the point of attachment
Distal
The main function of the _______ system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away wastes. The heart pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood on different sides ?
Circulatory
What system works to support structure for your body. It gives the body its shape, allows movement, makes blood cells, provides protection for organs and stores minerals?
Skeletal system
What system functions to break down and absorbs nutrients from the food and liquids that you consume to use for important things like energy, growth and repairing cells?
Digestive System
What system provides movement of the body and its parts, maintains posture, generates heat and stabilizes joints?
Muscular System
What system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning and memory. Together with the endocrine system it is responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis?
Nervous System
What system helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work. It cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, from your blood?
Respiratory System
What systems main function is to regulate short-term and long-term activities by sending hormones throughout the body?
Endocrine System
What system main function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by product?
Urinary System
