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VN Study > Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the head

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2
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the head

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3
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the tail

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4
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the tail

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5
Q

Lateral

A

Towards the side

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6
Q

Medial

A

Towards the middle

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7
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

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8
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side

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9
Q

Dorsal

A

Near the back

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10
Q

Ventral

A

Near the underside of the animal

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11
Q

Palmar

A

The back or underside of the front foot

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12
Q

Plantar

A

The back or underside of the back foot

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13
Q

Rostral

A

Towards the nose

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14
Q

Proximal

A

Applies to limbs near the body

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15
Q

Distal

A

Applies to limbs near the toes

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16
Q

Superficial

A

Near the outside of the animal

17
Q

Deep

A

Near the centre of the animal

18
Q

Anatomy

A

The physical structure of the body

19
Q

Physiology

A

The way in which body systems work

20
Q

Median/ mid-sagittal plane

A

A line which divides the body into right and left halves

21
Q

Sagitta/ paramedian plane

A

Any line parallel to the median plane

22
Q

Dorsal plane

A

Parallel to the back of the animal

23
Q

Transverse plane

A

Perpendicular to the long axis of the animal

24
Q

(Approximately) How much of the body is made up of water

A

Two thirds

25
Q

Name three types of extracellular fluid

A

Interstitial fluid
Plasma
Transcellular fluid

26
Q

Maintance fluid requirements per day for Dogs, Cats and Horses

A

50-60ml/kg/day

27
Q

Maintenance fluid requirement per day for rabbits and small mammals

A

100ml/kg/day

28
Q

Maintenance fluid requirements for birds

A

50ml/kg/day

29
Q

Maintenance fluid requirement for reptiles

A

25 ml/kg/day

30
Q

Electrolytes are . . .

A

Solutions containing free ions which conduct electricity and can have either a positive or negative charge.

31
Q

Name three examples of electrolytes

A

Sodium
Potassium
Chloride

32
Q

What are cations?

A

Ions with a positive charge

33
Q

What are anions?

A

Ions with a negative charge

34
Q

Name three intercellular cations

A

Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium

35
Q

Name four extracellular cations

A

Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
Calcium

36
Q

Name three intracellular anions

A

Phosphate
Bicarbonate
Chloride

37
Q

Name three extracellular anions

A

Phosphate
bicarbonate
Chloride

VN Study (3 decks)

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