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Massage Therapy > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the structure of human body. How it’s built.

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

Study of function of the human body. How it works.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

What are the 7 levels of organization?

A
  1. ) Chemical
  2. ) Organelles
  3. ) Cellular
  4. ) Tissue
  5. ) Organ
  6. ) Organ System
  7. ) Organism
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4
Q

What does the chemical level contain?

A

Atoms, molecules and macromolecules

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5
Q

What are atoms?

A

Fundamental substances

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6
Q

Binding of atoms creates ________.

A

Molecules

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7
Q

Binding of molecules creates: _________ (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates)

A

Macromolecules

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8
Q

What are the functional units of a cell?

A

Organelles

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9
Q

What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

A

Cellular (cells)

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10
Q

What are groups of cells that perform a specific function called?

A

Tissues

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11
Q

What are 2 or more kinds of tissue that perform a specific function?

A

Organ

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12
Q

What are 2 or more organs that perform a specific function?

A

Organ System

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13
Q

What are the 4 kinds of tissue?

A
  1. ) Epithelial
  2. ) Connective
  3. ) Muscle
  4. ) Nervous
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14
Q

What is epithelium for?

A

Protection

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15
Q

What is connective tissue for?

A

Creates shape and fills space. (Most abundant)

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16
Q

What is muscle for?

A

Creates contractions

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17
Q

What is nervous tissue for?

A

Conducts an impulse

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18
Q

What makes up the integumentary organ system?

A

Skin, hair, nails and glands

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19
Q

What does the integumentary system do?

A

Protection (sensory info)

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20
Q

What does the skeletal organ system do?

A

Movement, passageways for muscles, nerves, blood and lymph vessels. Storage of minerals. Red blood cell creation.

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21
Q

What makes up the skeletal organ system?

A

Bones💀, joints, ligaments, and cartilage

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22
Q

What does the muscular organ system do?

A

Movement (creates heat)

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23
Q

What is the muscle organ system made of?

A

Muscles and tendons

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24
Q

What does the nervous organ system do?

A

Communication and control (moves quickly - short lived)

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25
Q

What makes up the nervous organ system?

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

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26
Q

What’s the function of the endocrine organ system?

A

Communication and control

acts slowly - long lasting

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27
Q

What makes up the endocrine organ system?

A

Hormones and glands

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28
Q

What’s the function of the cardiovascular organ system?

A

Transportation

Moves blood, waste, gases and nutrients.

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29
Q

What is the cardiovascular organ system made up of?

A

Heart and blood vessels

30
Q

what’s the function of the lymphatic organ system?

A

transportation

moves fluid, helps with immunity

31
Q

what is the lymphatic organ system made up of?

A

lymph vessels, lymph nodes, lymph tissue

32
Q

what’s the function of the digestive organ system?

A

pH balance

breaks down and absorbs nutrients

33
Q

what is the digestive organ system made up of?

A

alimentary canal, accessory organs

34
Q

what’s the function of the respiratory organ system?

A

pH balance

exchange of respiratory gases

35
Q

what is the respiratory organ system made up of?

A

lungs, nose bronchial tree

36
Q

what is the function of the urinary organ system?

A

pH balance

filter blood; form urine

37
Q

what is the urinary organ system made up of?

A

kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra

38
Q

what is the function of the reproductive organ system?

A

survival of species

39
Q

what is the reproductive organ system made up of?

A

internal/external genitals

40
Q

what is metabolism?

A

sum total of all chemical reactions

41
Q

what is catabolism?

A

breaks things down

42
Q

what is anabolism?

A

builds up

43
Q

massage outcomes

A

relaxation, stress management, pain management, functional mobility

44
Q

homeostatic mechanisms

A

receptor, set point, effector

45
Q

receptor

A

receives stimuli; sensory; afferent nerves

46
Q

set point

A

master control

47
Q

effector

A

muscles and glands; motor; efferent nerves

48
Q

negative feedback

A

reverses original stimuli

49
Q

positive feedback

A

enhances original stimuli until it’s removed

50
Q

biological rhythms

A

internal periodic timing of an organism

51
Q

circadian rhythms

A

24 hour coordination

52
Q

ultradian rhythms

A

90 min to a few hours

53
Q

entrainment

A

synchronization of body with an internal or external rhythm

54
Q

cranial cavity

A

brain

55
Q

dorsal

A

back

56
Q

appendicular

A

limbs

57
Q

axial

A

head, trunk, vertibrae

58
Q

vertebral canal

A

spinal cord

59
Q

ventral

A

front

60
Q

thoracic cavity

A

lungs and heart

61
Q

abdominal cavity

A

stomach and intestine

62
Q

pelvic cavity

A

large intestine, reproductive organs

63
Q

upper extremity

A 
arm
pectorale girdle
scapula
clavicle
humerus
ulna
radius
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges
64
Q

lower extremity

A 
leg
pelvic girdle (hipbone/coxal)
sacrum
coccyx
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges
65
Q

posterior region

A 
dorsal
cranial cavity
vertebral cavity
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccyx
66
Q

anterior region

A 
ventral
thoracic
abdominal
pelvic
abdominopelvic
viscera
membranes
67
Q

abdominal quadrants

A

right upper
left upper
right lower
left lower

68
Q

9 abdominal regions

A 
right hypochondriac
epigastric
left hypochondriac
right lumbar
umbilical
left lumbar
right iliac
hypogastric
left iliac
69
Q

midsagittal plane

A

divides body into equal right and left portions

70
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body into right and left portions

71
Q

frontal plane

A

divides body between front and back

72
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal - divides body into top and bottom

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