Anatomy 9.26.12 lower extremity

Question 1

Pelvis (connect?)

Answer 1

connects the lower limb to the axial skeleton at the sacroiliac joint

connects to thigh at hip

Question 2

Thigh (femur and patella)

Answer 2

connects to pelvis at hip

connects to leg at knee joint

Question 3

Leg (tibia and Fibula)

Answer 3

Connects to thigh at knee joint

connects to foot at ankele joint

Question 4

Foot (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges, and sesamoid)

Answer 4

connects to leg at ankle joint

forms terminal protino of lower extremity

Question 5

What is fibrous vs cellular components of a joint cavity

Answer 5

Fibrous- also termed articular ligament

Ceular- also termed synovial membrane

Question 6

What are the associated ligaents of the synovial joint in knee

Answer 6

Capsular

Extracapsular

Intracapsular

Question 7

Capsular ligament

Answer 7

Ligaments that are thickenigns of the fibrous capsule or articular ligament

Question 8

Extracapsular

Answer 8

Ligaments that are seaparte from teh artiucalr capsule and outside the joint

Question 9

Intracapsular

Answer 9

Ligaments that are separate from teh acapusle and inside the joint

Question 10

Eversion movement

Answer 10

Elevation of the lateral side of the foot

Question 11

Inversion

Answer 11

Elevation of the medial side of the foot

Invers

Question 12

What planes do inversion and eversion occur?

Answer 12

Frontal plane

Axis of otion is in the sagittal and transverse plane

Axis is similar to teh PIN of a hinge around an axis (axis of motion)

Plane of motion is always permpendicular to the axis of motion

Question 13

What is supination of foot?

Answer 13

simultaneous movement of foot in the direction of adduction, inversion, and plantarflexion

Question 14

What is pronation of foot

Answer 14

simultaneous movement of foot in direction of abducntion ,eversion, and dorsiflexion

Question 15

OKC vs CKC

Answer 15

Open kinetic chain-non weight-bearing- where the forefoot and midfoot move in relatino to the rearfort

Closed kinetic chain-let and rearfoodmove in relation to the forefoot and midfoot

Question 16

what does Varus mean?

Answer 16

bent inward or toward midline of body (positional deformity)

Question 17

What does it mean to be valgus?

Answer 17

means bent outward or away from midline of the body (distal protion that is bent)

genu valgum; hallux abducto valgus

Question 18

What are the three stance phases (Closed Kinetic Chain)

Answer 18

Contact Period
Midstance Period
Propulsive Period

Question 19

What is the swing phase (open kinetic chain)

Answer 19

Starts at toe off and ends at heel strike

Question 20

Runing vs walking in pahses

Answer 20

During walking gait cycle there is a double support phase whereas running gait cycle there is a double float phase

Question 21

What is the angle of inclincaiton in the femur?

Answer 21

angle between longitudinal axis of shaft of the femur and longitudinal axis of the neck of the femur (coxa vara versus vs coxa valga)

Question 22

Is bowlegged person genu valgum or genu varum?

Answer 22

Genu Varum

Question 23

What kind of joing is the hip joint?

Answer 23

Ball and socket type of synovial joint

Question 24

Triaxial (multiaxial joint) is the hip joint

Answer 24

Axis for flexion/extension, axis for abduction /adduction, and an axis for medial/lateral roation

Question 25

Wha are the major CAPSULAR LIGAMENTS of the Hip joint (4)

Answer 25

Articular capsule, Iliofemoral (iliocapsular) (Anterior) Ischiofemoral (ischiocapsular) (Posterior) Pubofemoral (pubocapsualr) (Anterior)

Question 26

What are the Intracapsular ligamnts of the hip joint?

Answer 26

Ligametnum captiis femoris | Transerse acetabular

Question 27

What makes up the hip joint?

Answer 27

head of the femur and the actabulum of the os coxae

Question 28

what is the Acetabulu deepened by?

Answer 28

Acetabular Labrum (fibrocartilage)

Question 29

What nerve innervates Gluteus Maximus?

Answer 29

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Question 30

Where do Gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus all originate?

Answer 30

Gluteal surface of ala of ilium

Question 31

Where doesGluteus maximus insert>

Answer 31

Gluteal tuberosity offemur and IT (iliotibila tract)

Question 32

WHat is the action of the Glut Max

Answer 32

MAJOR EXTENSOR of the thiagh (esp. from sitting position)

Question 33

What innervates the gluteus maximus

Answer 33

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Question 34

What is the action of the gluteus medius and maximus?

Answer 34

OKC- abducts and medially rotates thigh CKS- steadies the pelvis during gait (pevents dipping to contralateral side)

Question 35

What innervates the glut medius and maximus

Answer 35

Superio gluteal nerve

Question 36

Where do glut min and glut max insert?

Answer 36

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 37

Where do piriformis , obturator internus, Gemellus superior, and Gemellus inferior insert?

Answer 37

Greater Trochanter of the femur

Question 38

What is the action of the piriformis, obturator internus, gem, superior, gemellus inferor and Quadratus femoris?

Answer 38

Laterall rotates the thight

Question 39

What is the origin of hte Gemellus superior, gemelus inferior, and Quadratus femoris?

Answer 39

Body of ischium

Question 40

What is the insertion of Quadratus femoris

Answer 40

Intertrocahnteric crest