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Upper Limb > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of deltoid muscle?

A

Clavicle, acromium, spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle

Axillary

flex, extend, medial/lateral rotation, adduct/abduct depending on position of arm.

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2
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of teres major?

A

Lateral boarder of scapula to lesser tubercle

Lower subscapular n

Extension, med rotation, adduction.

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3
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of rhomboid maj and min?

A

Min: spinous process of C6,7 to medial margin of scapula
Maj: spinous processes of T1-4 to medial margin of scapula

Dorsal scapular

Retract scapula to VC.

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4
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of levator scapulae?

A

Transverse processes of C1-4 to superior angle of scapular.

Dorsal scapular, C3,4

Elevate scapula

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5
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of serratus anterior? Damage to this nerve causes what?

A

1st-8th ribs to medial margin of scapula

Long thoracic - winged scapular

Protracts scapular holds it forwards. Rotates scapula.

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6
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of supra and infra spinatous?

A

Supra: supraspinatous fossa to greater tubercle
Infra: infraspinatous fossa to greater tubercle.

Suprascapular

Supra: abductor
Infra: Ext rotator

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7
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of subclavius?

A

Inferior clavicle to 1st rib costal cartilage

Nerve to subclavius

Anchor and depress clavicle

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8
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of subscapular muscle?

A

Subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle

Lower subscapular

Medial rotation of arm

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9
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of teres minor?

A

Lateral boarder of scapula to lower greater tubercle.

Axillary n

Weak lateral rotator

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10
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of latissimus dorsi?

A

Spinous processes of T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, 10th-12th ribs to intertubercular groove of humerous.

Thoracodorsal

Extend, adduct, medially rotate humerous. Function in coughing.

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11
Q

What spinal roots feed into the median nerve?

A

C5-8, T1

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12
Q

What spinal roots feed into the Ulnar nerve?

A

C8-T1

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13
Q

What spinal roots feed into the radial nerve?

A

C5-8, T1

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14
Q

What spinal roots feed into the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

C5-7

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15
Q

What is Erb-Duchenne’s Palsey? Cause, symptoms, general presentation

A

injury to C5-6 roots.
Cause: Fall to shoulder, stretching of neonate in parturition, severe back packers.
Symptoms: Loss of abduction + lateral rotation, flexor muscles, supination.
Presentation: adducted, medially rotated, pronated arm - waitors tip.

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16
Q

What is Klumpke’s palsy?

A

Injury to C8-T1.
Cause: grabbing ledge to break fall, repetitive stretch, pulling arm in childbirth.
Symptoms: less palmar sensation, fixed elbow, supination, weakness ofintrinsic hand muscles, wrist adduction + flexion of 4/5th didgits. Paraesthesia on medial arm + forearm. Horner’s syndrome (pupil constriction, flushed, loss of sweating on effected side) Clawed hand/ Popes benediction.

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17
Q

Damage to the axillary can occur how? What does it cause?

A

glenohumeral dislocation or fracture at the surgical neck. Leads to loos of abduction and sergeant patch sensitivity.

18
Q

Damage to the radial nerve causes?

A

wrist drop - lack of/ weak extensors. Loss of sensation down back of limb + hand.

19
Q

Damage to the ulnar nerve causes?

A

claw hand - lumbricle and interosseous loss. No extension of IPP or MCP flexion.

20
Q

Damage to the median nerve is mostly likely due to? Results in?

A

Carpel tunnel syndrome - wasting of the thenar eminence.

21
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Pectoralis major?

A

Clavicle, sternum and lateral ridge of bicipital groove.

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

adductor, medial rotator

22
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of pectoralis minor?

A

3rd-5th ribs to coracoid process.

medial pectoral nerve

lowers and rotates scapula

23
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of trapezius?

A

superior nuchal line, ext occipital protuberance, nuchal lig, spinous processes of C7-T12 to lateral third of clavicle, acromium, spine of scapula.

spinal accessory (c11), C3,C4

can elevate or depress shoulder, retract and rotate scapula

24
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Biceps brachii?

A

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle
Short head: corocoid process
to radial tuberosity and ulna (bicipital aponeurosis)

Musculocutaneous n

Flexor, abductor, med rotator, supinator

25
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Brachialis?

A

Ant humerus to ulnar tuberosity

Musculocutaneous

Flexor

26
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Coracobrachialis?

A

Corocoid process to med humerus

Musculocutaneous

Flexor

27
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Triceps Brachii?

A

Long: infraglenoid tubercle
Medial: spiral groove
Lateral: dorsal humerus
to common tendon on the olecrenon process

Radial n

Extensor, adduction

28
Q

Attachments, innervation and main actions of Anconeus?

A

Lat epicondyle to post ulna

Radial

Extensor (assist triceps), stabilizes elbow

29
Q

Pronators?

A

Pronator teres
Pronator Quadratus
Brachioradialis

30
Q

Supinators?

A

Supinator
Biceps Brachii
Brachioradialis

31
Q

Superficial flexors?

A

Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris

32
Q

Deep flexors?

A

Flexor pollicis longus

Flexor digitorum profundus

33
Q

Superficial extensors?

A

Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris

34
Q

Deep extensors?

A

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

35
Q

Lateral extensors?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpus radialis brevis

36
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Lateral: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons
Medial: Extensor pollicis longus

37
Q

Name the carpal bones.

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisoform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

38
Q

Name the muscles of the thenar eminence? Innervation?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis

Median n

39
Q

Name the Hypothenar muscles? Innervation?

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi

40
Q

4th thumb muscle not in the thenar eminence? Innervation?

A

Adductor pollicis

Ulnar n

Upper Limb (1 decks)

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