Anatomy Flashcards
Attachments, innervation and main actions of deltoid muscle?
Clavicle, acromium, spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle
Axillary
flex, extend, medial/lateral rotation, adduct/abduct depending on position of arm.
Attachments, innervation and main actions of teres major?
Lateral boarder of scapula to lesser tubercle
Lower subscapular n
Extension, med rotation, adduction.
Attachments, innervation and main actions of rhomboid maj and min?
Min: spinous process of C6,7 to medial margin of scapula
Maj: spinous processes of T1-4 to medial margin of scapula
Dorsal scapular
Retract scapula to VC.
Attachments, innervation and main actions of levator scapulae?
Transverse processes of C1-4 to superior angle of scapular.
Dorsal scapular, C3,4
Elevate scapula
Attachments, innervation and main actions of serratus anterior? Damage to this nerve causes what?
1st-8th ribs to medial margin of scapula
Long thoracic - winged scapular
Protracts scapular holds it forwards. Rotates scapula.
Attachments, innervation and main actions of supra and infra spinatous?
Supra: supraspinatous fossa to greater tubercle
Infra: infraspinatous fossa to greater tubercle.
Suprascapular
Supra: abductor
Infra: Ext rotator
Attachments, innervation and main actions of subclavius?
Inferior clavicle to 1st rib costal cartilage
Nerve to subclavius
Anchor and depress clavicle
Attachments, innervation and main actions of subscapular muscle?
Subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle
Lower subscapular
Medial rotation of arm
Attachments, innervation and main actions of teres minor?
Lateral boarder of scapula to lower greater tubercle.
Axillary n
Weak lateral rotator
Attachments, innervation and main actions of latissimus dorsi?
Spinous processes of T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, 10th-12th ribs to intertubercular groove of humerous.
Thoracodorsal
Extend, adduct, medially rotate humerous. Function in coughing.
What spinal roots feed into the median nerve?
C5-8, T1
What spinal roots feed into the Ulnar nerve?
C8-T1
What spinal roots feed into the radial nerve?
C5-8, T1
What spinal roots feed into the musculocutaneous nerve?
C5-7
What is Erb-Duchenne’s Palsey? Cause, symptoms, general presentation
injury to C5-6 roots.
Cause: Fall to shoulder, stretching of neonate in parturition, severe back packers.
Symptoms: Loss of abduction + lateral rotation, flexor muscles, supination.
Presentation: adducted, medially rotated, pronated arm - waitors tip.
What is Klumpke’s palsy?
Injury to C8-T1.
Cause: grabbing ledge to break fall, repetitive stretch, pulling arm in childbirth.
Symptoms: less palmar sensation, fixed elbow, supination, weakness ofintrinsic hand muscles, wrist adduction + flexion of 4/5th didgits. Paraesthesia on medial arm + forearm. Horner’s syndrome (pupil constriction, flushed, loss of sweating on effected side) Clawed hand/ Popes benediction.
Damage to the axillary can occur how? What does it cause?
glenohumeral dislocation or fracture at the surgical neck. Leads to loos of abduction and sergeant patch sensitivity.
Damage to the radial nerve causes?
wrist drop - lack of/ weak extensors. Loss of sensation down back of limb + hand.
Damage to the ulnar nerve causes?
claw hand - lumbricle and interosseous loss. No extension of IPP or MCP flexion.
Damage to the median nerve is mostly likely due to? Results in?
Carpel tunnel syndrome - wasting of the thenar eminence.
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Pectoralis major?
Clavicle, sternum and lateral ridge of bicipital groove.
lateral and medial pectoral nerves
adductor, medial rotator
Attachments, innervation and main actions of pectoralis minor?
3rd-5th ribs to coracoid process.
medial pectoral nerve
lowers and rotates scapula
Attachments, innervation and main actions of trapezius?
superior nuchal line, ext occipital protuberance, nuchal lig, spinous processes of C7-T12 to lateral third of clavicle, acromium, spine of scapula.
spinal accessory (c11), C3,C4
can elevate or depress shoulder, retract and rotate scapula
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Biceps brachii?
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle
Short head: corocoid process
to radial tuberosity and ulna (bicipital aponeurosis)
Musculocutaneous n
Flexor, abductor, med rotator, supinator
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Brachialis?
Ant humerus to ulnar tuberosity
Musculocutaneous
Flexor
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Coracobrachialis?
Corocoid process to med humerus
Musculocutaneous
Flexor
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Triceps Brachii?
Long: infraglenoid tubercle
Medial: spiral groove
Lateral: dorsal humerus
to common tendon on the olecrenon process
Radial n
Extensor, adduction
Attachments, innervation and main actions of Anconeus?
Lat epicondyle to post ulna
Radial
Extensor (assist triceps), stabilizes elbow
Pronators?
Pronator teres
Pronator Quadratus
Brachioradialis
Supinators?
Supinator
Biceps Brachii
Brachioradialis
Superficial flexors?
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Deep flexors?
Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Superficial extensors?
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Deep extensors?
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis
Lateral extensors?
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpus radialis brevis
What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box?
Lateral: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons
Medial: Extensor pollicis longus
Name the carpal bones.
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisoform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Name the muscles of the thenar eminence? Innervation?
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Median n
Name the Hypothenar muscles? Innervation?
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
4th thumb muscle not in the thenar eminence? Innervation?
Adductor pollicis
Ulnar n
