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NPTE Prep > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Primitive Portions Of CNS?

A

Rhombencephalon (Myelencephalon/metencephalon)
Mesencephalon
Prosencephalon (Diencephalon/Telencephalon)

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2
Q

of Spinal nerves?

A 
31 total
8C
12T
5L
5S
1C
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3
Q

NT for Sympathetic nervous system?

Parasympathetic?

A

S: E+NE
P: Acetylcholine

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4
Q

Function of the Limbic system?

A

Control and expression of Mood+emotion.
Memory
Appetite

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5
Q

How Are Both Hemispheres joined and what is its purpose?

A

Corpus Callosum

To relay info b/w both hemispheres

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6
Q

What do These sulci Separate?

Central:
Calcarine:

A

Frontal/parietal lobes

Sup/Inf Occipital lobes.

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7
Q

Which side of brain is more creative?

A

R

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8
Q

General Fx of Frontal?
Parietal?
Temporal?
Occipital?

A

F: Motor function, Brocas Area, personality
P:Sensory Fx, provide meaning
T: Hearing, Wernikes, Memory
O: Seeing.

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9
Q

What is Hippocampus Responsible For?

A

Forming ,storing, and retrieving memory.

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10
Q

Basal ganglia consist of

A 
Caudate
Putamen
Globus Pallidus
Sustantia Nigra
Subtalamic nuclei
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11
Q

Responsibility of Basal Ganglia?

A

Regulation of muscle contraction
Input from cortex
Posture,tone
Regulating autonomic movement

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12
Q

Dysfunction of basal ganglia includes:

A 
Parkinsons
Huntingtons
Tourettes
ADD
OCD
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13
Q

Main Fx of Amygdala?

A

Emotional and Social processing.

Fear/pleasure/emotional memory.

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14
Q

Pacinian Corpuscles Respond to:

A

Vibration

Proprioception

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15
Q

Meissner corpuscle respond to:

A

Touch and Vibration

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16
Q

Ruffini endings respond to:

A

Pressure/ skin stretch

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17
Q

Merkel Receptors respond to:

A

Touch

Pressure

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18
Q

Free nerve endings respond to:

A

Pain/temp/itch

19
Q

What does the thalamus do?

A
  • Coordinates sensory perception+mvmt.

- receives info from cerebellum ,Basal ganglia and sensory tracts relaying it to Cortex

20
Q

Spontaneous pain to contralateral side of body to thalamic lesion?

A

Thalamic pain syndrome.

21
Q

Purpose of hypothalamus?

A

Survival instincts/regulate info from ANS:
Regulate body temp
Control hunger/thirst/sleep

22
Q

Purpose of Subthalamus?

A

Regulating muscular movement.

Associated with Basal ganglia

23
Q

Parts of epithalamus and Fx?

A

Pineal Gland: Produce Melatonin (sleep) and hormone regulation
Habenular nuclei: Circadian rhythm,regulate movement and social fx./emotions (limbic)

24
Q

What is the tectum?

Tegmentum?

A

Inf/sup colliculi (orient vision and sound)

Pain inhibition/sensory

25
Q

Purpose of Cerebellum?

A

Posture/balance/tone

26
Q

Cerebellar lesions produce:

A

Ispilateral impairment to body

Ataxia,nystagmus,tremor,balance issues

27
Q

Purpose of pons?

A

Regulation of RR

Head orientation: CN 5-7

28
Q

Medulla Fx?

A

ANS regulation swallow

Reflex for vomit, cough, sneeze.

29
Q

Brainstem Fx?

A

Channel for Tracts
Contain CN
ANS fx.

30
Q

Brudzinskis sign?

A

Flexion of head produces flexion of hips and knees.

Meningitis (stiff neck,nausea,vomit)

31
Q

Kernigs sign?

A

Pain wiht hip flexion and knee ext?

32
Q

What space contains CSF and Circulatory system of Cerebral Cortex?

A

Subarachnoid mater

33
Q

Dorsal Column Tract?

A

Cuneatus: UE Proprioception, vibration

Gracilis: LE

34
Q

Spinothalamic tract?

A

Nociception, Thermal,

Anterior has properties for light touch/pressure

35
Q

What tracts join Spinothalamic?

A

Spinoreticular: Pain awareness/consciousness
Spinomesenphalic: Turn head to pain / reflex of pain(spinotectal)
Spinolimbic: emotion to pain

36
Q

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract:

A

Ipsilateral subconscious proprioception
Joint sense
Posture
LE.

37
Q

Ventral Spinocerebellar:

A

Same as dorsal but some fibers cross then recross

Proprioception
Posture
Tension

38
Q

Corticospinal tract

A

Voluntary skilled mvt.

Lateral is for fine movement. Most of fibers from here.

Damage= (+) Babinksi.

39
Q

Reticulospinal Tract:

A

Pain suppression
Regulate reflexes
Stimulate protective ext

40
Q

Rubrospinal tract:

A

Assists w/ movement control
Postural tone
Facilitate flexors inhibit extensors

41
Q

Tectospinal:

A

Contralateral postural tone toward auditory/visual stimuli

42
Q

Vestibulospinal:

A

Ipsilateral postural adjustments.
Hand-eye coordination
Facilitate ext. inhibit flexors.

43
Q

What happens with damage to Vestibulospinal?

A

Paralysis
Hypertonic
Extreme DTR

NPTE Prep (3 decks)

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