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BCS 165 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the structure of the human body

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

Study of the body’s functions

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Basic, smallest unit of life

A

cell

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4
Q

All living organisms are composed of

A

Cells

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5
Q

A fluid-filled space within the body

A

Cavity

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6
Q

Axial region

A

The portion of the body consisting of the head, neck, and trunk.

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7
Q

Protects Internal organs and allows them to move and expand as necessary to perform their functions

A

Cavities

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8
Q

Substances with unique molecular composition that are used in or produced by chemical processss

A

Chemicals

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9
Q

When the “building” metabolic processes outweigh the “breaking down” processes.

Can increase the size of cells or increase number of cells

A

Growth

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10
Q

A wide range of chemical processes, building or breaking down chemicals.

A

Metabolism.

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11
Q

Process that removes waste products.

A

Excretion.

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12
Q

Organisms sense and react to stimuli.

A

Responsiveness

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13
Q

A key property of life. Motion of one or more cells within the organism itself.

A

Movement

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14
Q

The two forms of reproduction:

A

1) cells reproduce within organism during growth or to replace damaged or old cells
2) an organism itself reproduces to yield similar offspring

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15
Q

Properties common to all living organisms:

A
  • Cellular composition
  • Metabolism
  • Growth
  • Excretion
  • Responsiveness
  • Movement
  • Reproduction
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16
Q

6 Levels of Structural Organization in the body

A
  • Chemical
  • Cellular
  • Tissue
  • Organ
  • Organ System
  • Organism
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17
Q

Two or more cell types cooperating to perform a common function.

Consists of cells and extracellular matrix.

A

Tissue.

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18
Q

Two or more tissue types combined to form a structure which has a recognizable shape and performs a specialized task.

A

Organ.

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19
Q

Cavity located between the bony pelvis and the diaphragm

A

Abdominal cavity (part of abdominalpelvic cavity)

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20
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front. Aka ventral.

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21
Q

The portion of the body consisting of the upper and lower limbs.

A

Appendicular region

22
Q

The component of a feedback loop that receives a stimulus from a receptor and regulates the output of an a factor.

A

Control center

23
Q

A dorsal body cavity located within the skull that houses the brain.

A

Cranial cavity.

24
Q

The scientific study of cells.

A

Cytology

25
Q

A position that is further away from the surface of the body or more within the body’s interior.

A

Deep

26
Q

A position that is farther away from the point of origin, usually the trunk.

A

Distal

27
Q

Cell or organ that causes a physiological response.

A

Effector.

28
Q

The feedback loop component that receives a stimulus from a receptor and regulates the output of an effector.

A

Control center

29
Q

The study of tissues.

A

Histology

30
Q

A homeostatic control mechanism in which a change in a regulated variable causes effects that feedback and affect that same variable.

A

Feedback loop

31
Q

A plane of section that divides the body or body part into anterior and posterior portions; also known as the coronal plane.

A

Frontal plane

32
Q

A condition in which more of something exists in one area then another, and the two areas are connected.

A

Gradient

33
Q

The study of structures of the human body that can be seen with the unaided eye.

A

Gross anatomy

34
Q

The maintenance of the body’s stable internal environment.

A

Homeostasis

35
Q

Away from the head or toward the tail, also known as caudal.

A

Inferior.

36
Q

The study of the human body taken from the perspective of individual organ systems

A

Systematic anatomy

37
Q

A ventral body cavity located with in the area superior to the diaphragm that encompasses the area of the thorax

A

Thoracic cavity

38
Q

A plane of section that divides the body or body part into superior and inferior or proximal and distal portions, also known as the horizontal plane or cross-section.

A

Transverse plane

39
Q

Toward the head; also known as cranial.

A

Superior

40
Q

The normal range of values of a regulated variable.

A

Set point

41
Q

A thin, watery secretion from a serous membrane that lubricates an organ in a cavity within the serous membrane.

A

Serous fluid

42
Q

A plane of section that divides the body or body part into right and left portions.

A

Sagittal plane

43
Q

A position that is closer to the point of origin, usually the trunk.

A

Proximal

44
Q

A protein within a membrane that binds to a ligand.

A

Receptor.

45
Q

A core principle of anatomy and physiology; states that the structure of a chemical, cell, tissue, or organ is always such that it best suits its function.

A

Principle of complementarity of structure and function

46
Q

The major body cavity located mostly on the posterior side of the body.

A

Posterior.

47
Q

The study of structures of the human body that require the use of a microscope for observation.

A

Microscopic anatomy.

48
Q

A position that is closer to the midline of the body or a body part.

A

Medial.

49
Q

A type of feedback loop in which the effector’s activity increases, reinforcing the initial stimulus and amplifying the response of the effector.

A

Positive feedback loop

50
Q

The narrow space between the visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes that is filled with serous fluid.

A

Peritoneal cavity

BCS 165 (1 decks)

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