Anatomy

Question 1

What are the 3 primary functions of the digestive system?

Answer 1

Ingestion/ Digestion
Absorption
Elimination

Question 2

Absorption takes place where?

Answer 2

The small intestine

Question 3

Elimination takes place where?

Answer 3

The large intestine

Question 4

What is mastication?

Answer 4

Chewing

Question 5

What is deglutition?

Answer 5

Swallowing

Question 6

What is peristalsis?

Answer 6

Waves of muscular contractions

Question 7

What is rhythmic segmentation?

Answer 7

Churning

Question 8

The alimentary canal begins with what and ends where?

Answer 8

The mouth and ends at the anus

Question 9

What are the 3 salivary glands of the mouth?

Answer 9

Parotid- posterior to the ramus portion of the mandible
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 10

What are the 2 indentations on the esophagus in the mediastinum?

Answer 10

At the aortic arch

At the left primary bronchus

Question 11

Gaster is Greek for?

Answer 11

Stomach

Question 12

Ventriculus is Greek for?

Answer 12

Little belly

Question 13

Gastro is a modern prefix meaning what?

Answer 13

Stomach

Question 14

The esophagus joins the stomach at what junction?

Answer 14

Esophagogastric junction

Question 15

What are the 3 portions of the stomach?

Answer 15

Fundus at the top- is air filled
Middle body portion
Bottom pyloric portion

Question 16

Mucosal folds of the stomach are also called what?

Answer 16

Rugae

Question 17

What is the function of the gastric canal?

Answer 17

To funnel fluids directly from the body of the stomach to the pylorus.

Question 18

This structure is the union of the stomach and small intestine.

Answer 18

The duodenum

Question 19

The duodenum is the c-loop, and creates the romance of the abdomen with which other structure?

Answer 19

The pancreas

Question 20

What are the 4 parts to the duodenum?

Answer 20

In order from the top of the c-loop:

1. Superior portion
2. Descending portion
3. Horizontal portion
4. Ascending portion

Question 21

The descending portion receives what?

Answer 21

The common bile and pancreatic ducts

Question 22

This is a suspensory ligament of the duodenum. It forms the bottom end of the “C”.

Answer 22

The ligament of Treitz

Question 23

The duodenum and jejunum ( second section of small intestine) are connected by what flexure?

Answer 23

Duodenojejunal flexure

Question 24

What is the purpose of an Upper GI study?

Answer 24

To study the form and function of the distal esophagus, stomach and duodenum.

Question 25

Describe the position of the general stomach, pyloric portion, and duodenal bulb in a hypersthenic patient.

Answer 25

General stomach- high and transverse at T9-T12
Pyloric portion- midline at T11-T12
Duodenal bulb- to right of midline at T11-T12

Question 26

Describe the position of the general stomach, pyloric portion, and duodenal bulb in a sthenic patient.

Answer 26

General stomach- J shaped at level of T10-L2
Pyloric portion- near midline at level of L2
Duodenal bulb- near midline at level of L1-L2

Question 27

Describe the position of the general stomach, pyloric portion, and duodenal bulb in an asthenic/ hyposthenic patient.

Answer 27

General stomach- J shaped,low and vertical level of T11-L5
Pyloric portion- left of midline at level of L3-L4
Duodenal bulb- atbmidline at level of L3-L4

Question 28

The fundus is the most anterior or posterior portion of the stomach?

Answer 28

Posterior

Question 29

Where does the body of the stomach lay in relation to the fundus?

Answer 29

Anterior and inferior

Question 30

Where does the pylorus lay in relation to the body of the stomach?

Answer 30

Posterior and inferior