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Teas > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Organisms are compromised in what order

A

Tissues
Organs
Organ systems

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2
Q

Superior

Inferior

A

Above

Below

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3
Q

Anterior

Posterior

A

In front

Behind

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4
Q

Dorsal

Ventral

A

Back of object

Front

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5
Q

Medial

A

Middle

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Further from center

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7
Q

Proximal

Distal

A

Structure closer

Structure further

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8
Q

Right lung has how many lobes

Left lung has how many lobes

A

3

2

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9
Q

Lungs are surrounded by thick membrane called

A

Pleura

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10
Q

Air flow passage

A

Mouth
Trachea
Bronchioles
Alveoli-where gas exchange between air and capillaries happens

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11
Q

Alveoli are covered in

A

Surfactant

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12
Q

The heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the lungs via

A

Pulmonary artery

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13
Q

Blood is oxygenated in the aveoli and delivered back into the heart by ________ to be distributed back to the body

A

pulmonary veins

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14
Q

Relaxation of the diagpragphm causes the lungs to

A

Compress. Pushing carbon dioxide out

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15
Q

The amount of air breathed in and out is

A

Tidal volume

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16
Q

Small volume of air left in the lungs after exhalation is

A

Residual capacity

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17
Q

Lung disease due to the continual restriction of airflow is known as

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary

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18
Q

Imperative sentences give

A

A command

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19
Q

What’s true about noble gases

A

They have a low electron affinity because their outer shell is full

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20
Q

Analysis of analysis is known as

A

Meta analysis

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21
Q

Which of the following is the part of the brain that receives information from the sensory systems, spinal cord, and other parts of the brain, that then regulates motor movements?

A

cerebellum

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22
Q

The blood is carried away from the heart in large vessels known as:

A

arteries

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23
Q

Translation is

A

mRNA are translated in ribosomes to produce polypeptides.

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24
Q

Transcription is the process where

A

information in the DNA is packaged into smaller mRNA molecules.

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25
Q

explain the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

A

central dogma

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26
Q

If an ion has more protons than electrons, it is known as:

A

cation

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27
Q

When an atom has a different number of protons and electrons it is called an

A

ion

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28
Q

If an ion has more protons than electrons, it is a

A

positively charged cation

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29
Q

If an atom has more electrons than protons it is a

A

negatively charged anion

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30
Q

What do you call proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences?

A

transcription factors

31
Q

are proteins that condense and structure the DNA of eukaryotic cell nuclei into nucleosome.

A

histones

32
Q

are fragments of DNA produced during DNA replication in the lagging strand.

A

okazaki fragments

33
Q

are specific genome sequences corresponding to one unit of inheritance.

A

genes

34
Q

Which of the following is not considered part of the genitourinary system?

Medulla

Cortex

Kidney

Capillaries

A

capillaries

35
Q

What system consists of the kidneys (which include the cortex and the medulla), the ureter, and the urinary bladder.

A

genitourinary system

36
Q

The right side of the circulatory system deals with? The left side of the system deals with?

A

Right blue

left red

37
Q

P wave corresponds to

A

SA node depolarization.

38
Q

QRS complex corresponds to

Larger QRS complex corresponds to

A

ventricular depolarization.

Atrial repolarization

39
Q

T wave corresponds to

A

vent repolarization

40
Q

Humoral immunity

A

is also called antibody-mediated immunity, meaning that it is controlled by antibodies.

41
Q

The efforts of the WBCs known as phagocytes and T-cells are called

A

cell-mediated immune system.

42
Q

When B-cells and T-cells are activated by a pathogen, memory B-cells and T-cells develop, and the primary immune response results, it is called

A

active immunity

43
Q

Two oxygen atoms can be joined to make O2.

If you know that this is an ionic bond, which statement is true?

This is an electron attraction.

This bond is highly volatile.

This bond will be difficult to separate.

This is an attraction between similarly charged ions.

A

This is an electron attraction.

44
Q

Ionic bonding is

A

the complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms.

45
Q

What do you call the major matrix producing cells in connective tissue proper?

A

Fibroblast

46
Q

is responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of the bone.

A

osteoblast

47
Q

forms chondrocytes in the growing cartilage matrix

A

chondroblast

48
Q

hollow sphere of cells produced during the development of an embryo.

A

blastula

49
Q

different variants of genes known as

A

alleles

50
Q

is the enzyme that adds new nucleotide in the growing DNA chain. Addition is from 5’-3’ direction.

A

polymerase

51
Q

an enzyme that catalyzes the joining of okazaki fragments.

A

ligase

52
Q

is the enzyme responsible for unwinding the double stranded DNA into single strands.

A

helicase

53
Q

enzyme that cleaves the chains of nucleotides into smaller units.

A

nuclease

54
Q

What do you call sites on chromatin where ribosomal RNA is synthesized?

A

Nucleoli

55
Q

Are sites in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cells which primarily serves as the site of ribosome synthesis and assembly. This is also where ribosomal RNA are formed. They also function in the assembly of signal recognition particles and playing a role in the cell’s response to stress.

A

Nucleoli

56
Q

are sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

A

Ribosomes

57
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum function in

A

protein synthesis and packaging of translation products.

58
Q

is the protoplasm surrounded by the nuclear envelope.

A

Nucleoplasm

59
Q

AAA and AAG correspond to what amino acid

A

lysine

60
Q

GCU, GCC, GCA, GCG correspond to what amino acid

A

alanine

61
Q

GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG correspond to what amino acid

A

valine

62
Q

AUG correspond to what amino acid

A

Methionine

63
Q

The daughter cells produced after meiosis are genetically the same or different to the mother cell?

A

different

64
Q

The total number of cells after one complete meotic cycle is

A

4

65
Q

Heart rate in excess of 100 beats per minute is termed as

A

tachycardia

66
Q

Heart rate less than 60 beats per minute is called

A

bradycardia.

67
Q

when heart rate varies 5% during the respiratory cycle and up to 30% during deep respiration is called

A

sinus arrhythmia

68
Q

Occasional shortened intervals between one contraction and succeeding frequently occurs in healthy people, and is known as

A

premature atrial contractions.

69
Q

An independent variable is

A

the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. The independent variable is the one that is changed by the scientist

70
Q

A dependent variable is

A

the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.

71
Q

The value of an _______ variable can be changed. You cannot change of the value of a ______ variable.

A

independent value can be changed

dependent value cannot be changes

72
Q

The ______ variable is the value which is manipulated in an experiment. The _______ variable is the value observed by the researcher during an experiment.

A

Independent variable is manipulated

Dependent variable is observed

73
Q

The concentration of hormones as seen by target cells are affected by the

A

affected by the rate of production, rate of delivery, rate of degradation and elimination of hormones.

74
Q

Synthesis and secretion of hormones are the most highly regulated aspect of

A

endocrine control

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