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Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

sacrotuberous ligament

A

sacrum and interest on ischial tuberosity

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2
Q

sacrospinous ligament

A

originates on sacrum and inserts on ischial spine

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3
Q

muscles of pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani

coccygeus

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4
Q

levator ani muscles

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

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5
Q

puborectalis

A

origin: superior pubic ramus
insertion: anococcygeal ligament
innervation: S4, inferior anal n

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6
Q

pubococcygeus

A

origin: pubis lateral to puborectalis
insertion: anococygeal ligament, coccyx
innervation: S4, inferior anal n

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7
Q

iliococcygeus

A

origin: internal obturator fascial of levator ani (tendinous arch)
insertion: anococcygeal ligament, coccyx
innervation: S4, inferior anal n

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8
Q

coccygeus

A

origin: sacrum
insertion: ischial spine
innervation: S4-5

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9
Q

muscles of the pelvic wall

A

piriformis

obturator internus

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10
Q

piriformis

A

origin: sacrum
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
innervation: S1-2
external rotation and abduction of flexed hip

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11
Q

obturator internus

A

origin: obturator membrane
insertion: medial greater trochanter of femur
innervation: L5-S1
external rotation and abduction of flexed hip

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12
Q

levator (genital) hiatus

A

a gap between puborecalis muscles allowing for passage of urethra vagina and rectum into perineum

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13
Q

membranous pelvic fascia

A

visceral

parietal

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14
Q

visceral pelvic fascia

A

surrounds organs

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15
Q

parietal pelvic fascia

A

lines inner surface of muscles of pelvic walls and floor

continuous with transversals fascia and psoas fascia

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16
Q

tendinous arch of pelvic fascia

A

where pelvic viscera pierce the pelvic diaphragm the parietal and visceral layer merge
runs from pubis to sacrum

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17
Q

endopelvic fascia

A

loose CT matrix that fills subperiotoneal space between visceral and parietal layers of membranous fascia
allows for dissension of pelvic organs

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18
Q

superior vesical a

A

in lateral ligament of bladder

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19
Q

uterine a

A

in cardinal ligament

comes off internal iliac a

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20
Q

vesicouterine pouch

A

between bladder and uterus

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21
Q

rectouterine pouch of douglas

A

between uterus and rectum

lowest point of female peritoneal cavity

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22
Q

rectopubic space

A

between pubic symphsis and bladder

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23
Q

rectorectal space

A

between rectum and sacrum

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24
Q

rectovaginal septum

A

separates the rectum and vagina

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25
trace R common iliac
R internal iliac --> R umbilical--> R superior vesical
26
R ovarian artery and v
in suspensory ligament of ovary off of abdominal aorta at L2
27
R uterine artery
branch of R internal iliac a
28
right vaginal a
branch of R internal iliac a
29
inferior vescial a
arises with middle rectal a off of internal iliac a
30
anterior division of internal iliac a gives rise to
``` umbilical a ---> superior vesical a uterine a vaginal a middle rectal internal pudendal ```
31
internal pudendal a gives off
inferior rectal - external anal sphincter and skin around anus perineal a clitoral a
32
superior rectal a
branch of inferior mesenteric a | supplies upper rectum and anal canal and anastomoses with middle and inferior rectal a in pelvis and perineum
33
ovarian v
drain directly into inferior vena cava on R | drain into renal vein ion L
34
superior rectal v
drains into hepatic portal system through inferior mesenteric v
35
obturator n
L2-4 | doesn't innervate structures of pelvis but can be injured during surgery
36
sacral plexus
L4-S4 | exit via greater sciatic foramen where they innervate structures in perineum, gluteal region and lower limb
37
pudendal n
S2-4 mixed sensory and motor n branches: inferior retal, perienal n, clitoral n
38
uterovaginal rectal plexus
from inferior hypogastric plexus
39
ovarian ligament
connects ovary to supra lateral aspect of uterus
40
suspensory ligament of ovary
carries ovarian vessels and n
41
mesovarium
suspends ovary from posterior par of broad ligament
42
lymphatic vessels of ovary
superiorly to the lateral attic nodes
43
innervation of ovary
ovarian plexus (follows ovarian vessels) and pelvic plexus (follows pelvic vessels)
44
parts of fallopian tubes
intramural (most medial) isthmus ampulla infundibulum (most lateral)
45
fallopian tubes supported by
mesosalpinx
46
vessels to fallopian tubes
anastomosing ovarian and uterine arteries
47
lymph vessels of fallopian tubes
follow ovarian v to lateral aortic nodes
48
innervation of fallopian tubes
ovarian and uterine plexuses
49
ruptured ectopic pregnancy on R side can be misdiagnosed as
ruptured appendix
50
bicornate uterus
failure of fusion of paramesonephic ducts | higher chance of recurrent pregnancy loss , preterm birth, and malpresentation of baby
51
broad ligament of uterus
double fold of peritoneum that extends laterally from each side of uterus to sidewalls of pelvis mesosalpinx mesovarium mesometrium
52
round ligaments of uterus
originate near fundus pass through deep inguinal rings through inguinal canal insert on labial majora
53
cardinal (transverse cervical) ligaments
connect uterine cervix to pelvic side wall base of broad ligament transmit uterine vessels
54
uterosacral ligaments
help maintain anteverted position of uterus
55
uterine a
traverse the cardinal ligament and anastomoses superior with ovarian a and inferiorly with vaginal a
56
uterine v
drain into internal iliac v
57
lymphatic of uterine fundus
drains to para aortic nodes via ovarian v
58
uterine body lymphatics
drains to external iliac nodes via broad ligament
59
cervix lymphatics
to internal iliac and sacral nodes via cardinal and uterosacral ligaments
60
innervation of uterus
uterovaginal n plexuses from inferior hypogastric plexuses
61
anterior vaginal fornix
short | lies against posterior wall of bladder
62
posterior vaginal fornix
longer in contact with rectouterine pouch
63
vaginal a
branch of internal iliac a
64
vaginal v
branches of internal iliac v
65
superior part of vaginal lymphatics
external or internal iliac nodes
66
inferior part of vagina lymphatics
sacral and common iliac nodes
67
innervation of superior 3/4 vagina
uterovaginal plexus from inferior hypogastric plexus
68
lowest vaginal segment innervation
deep perineal branch of pudendal nerve (branch of sacral plexus) somatic innervated only part of vaginal sensitive to touch
69
culdocentesis
peritoneal fluid is extracted from rectouterine pouch by needle aspiration through posterior fornix of vagina PID
70
ureters
pass inferior to uterine arteries within cardinal ligaments
71
blood supply to ureters
uterine a
72
innervation of pelvic ureter
inferior hypogastric plexus
73
bladder is only covered by peritoneum on its
superior surface
74
parts of bladder
apex fundus body neck
75
median umbilical ligament
apex of bladder to umbilicus
76
pubovesical ligaments
neck of the bladder to pubis
77
lateral vesical ligaments
connection neck of bladder to lateral pelvic walls
78
bladder holds up to
600-800ml
79
superior vesical a and vaginal a supply
the bladder
80
vesical venous plexuses
drains to internal iliac v
81
innervation of bladder
inferior hypogastric plexus
82
urethra
lies anterior to vagina
83
arteries that supply urethra
branches of pudendal a, inferior vesical a , vaginal a
84
lymphatic drainage of urethra
internal iliac nodes
85
innervation to urethra
vesical nerve plexus
86
rectum lies on ____ ligament of pelvic floor
anococcygeal ligament
87
rectum has no
mesentery
88
rectum usually starts at
S3
89
rectum terminates at
analrectum junction
90
rectal ampulla
passes through pelvic diaphragm
91
superior rectal a
terminal branch of inferior mesenteric a | upper rectum
92
right and l middle rectal a
branches of internal iliac | supply lower rectum
93
external hemorrhoids
thromboses veins of external venous plexus commonly associated with constipation and pregnancy below dentate line and are covered by skin somatically innervated- painful
94
internal hemorrhoids
dilated veins of internal recal plexus due to breakdown of muscularis layer and can become ulcerated above dentate line viscerally innervated - painlesss
95
perineum
urogenital triangle and anal triangle
96
perineal membrane
though fibrous sheet extends anteriorly almost o pubic symphysis and poster to ischial tuberosities separates urogenital triangle into deep perineal and superficial perineal paces
97
superficial perineal space contains
bulbocavernosus, ischiocavernosius, superficial transverse perineal m and deep perineal branches of internal pudendal vessels and pudendal n, clitoris, vestibular bulb, and greater vestibular glands
98
superficial perineal space
potential space bounded by perineal membrane and superficial perineal fascia (Colle's fascia- extension of scrap's fascia in abdomen)
99
deep perineal space
bounded by perineal membrane and pelvic diaphragm
100
deep perineal space contains
urethera, inferior part of external urethral sphincter ischoanal fat pads, nv bundle to vlitoris , urethrovaginal sphincter, compressor urethra, smooth muscle associated with perineal body
101
perineal body
formed by converging fibers of levator ani, deep transverse perineal , bulbospongiouss, and external anala sphincter
102
innervation of perineum
pudendal n
103
blood supply to perineum
perineal branches of internal pudendal a (branch of internal iliac)
104
episiotomy
incision through posterior vaginal orifice into perineal body prevent damage to perineal m
105
clitoris is made of
corpus cavernousa
106
vestibular bulbs
bulbospongiousus mm
107
bartholin glands
under the posterior end of vestibular bulbs
108
external pudendal art
supplies skin over mons pubis and labia majora
109
perineal a supplies
perineal m and labia minora
110
dorsal clitoral a
supplies glans of clitoris
111
deep clitoral a
corpus cavernosum of clitoris

urogyne (1 decks)

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