Anatomy Flashcards
What muscle forms the floor of the oral cavity?
Mylohyoid muscle
What bone form the hard palate of the roof of the mouth cavity?
Maxilla and palatine bone
How many teeth in primary dentition?
20
incisors, canines, pre-molars and molars in each quadrant?
2 Incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars
What is the space between cheeks and teeth and what muscle normally keeps it closed?
Vestibule, buccinators
Where do the buccinators attach and what is its nerve supply?
Maxilla and mandible, supplied by facial nerve
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Genioglossus (from mandible)
Hyoglossus (from hyoid bone)
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
Nerve and blood supply of the tongue
Motor: hypoglossal (12) supplies all except palatoglossus
Sensory: general for A = lingual (mandibular from V)
general for P = glossopharyngeal (X)
Taste
A - facial via chord tympani
P - glossopharyngeal
Location of pharynx
Begins at the base of skull —> vertebra C6
Segments of the pharynx and their locations
- Nasopharynx (posterior to nasal cavity)
- Oropharynx (posterior to mouth cavity)
- Hypopharynx/laryngopharynx (post to larynx)
Origins of superior, middle and inferior constrictors of pharynx
S - Pterygomandibular origin
M - Hyoid origin
I - Laryngeal origin (Thyropharyngeus + Cricopharyngeus)
3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx
- stylopharyngeus
- Salpingopharyngeus
- Palatopharyngeus
Which sphincter is involved in swallowing?
Crico-oesophageal sphincter
3 planes of reference for the abdominal regions
- mid-clavicular (vertical)
- Transpyloric (L9/9th costal cartilage)
- Transtubercular (tubercles of iliac crests)
External oblique location and aponeurosis
Location: ribs 5-12 –> iliac crest, downward and medial
Aponeurosis - inguinal ligament
Internal oblique location
Iliac crest inguinal ligament –> ribs 9-12
travels up and medial
Transversus abdominis location
ribs 7-12 lumbar fascia of iliac crest –> midline
travels horizontally
Rectus abdominis location
Too of pubis –> ribs costal cartilages 5,6,7
What is the linea alba?
Where three lateral aponeuroses meet in the midline to form a white fibrous structure
What 3 lateral aponeuroses form the linea alba?
- external obliques
- internal obliques
- transversus
Which blood vessels anastomose within the rectus sheath?
Superior epigastric (from S.C. to intern. thoracic) and inferior epigastric (from external iliac)
Differences between simple and compound gland
Simple - single unit, micro, part of an organ
Compound - branched ducts, its an organ
Histological pattern of serous units
- round nuclei (euchromatic)
- basal cytoplasm blue (rER)
- apical cytoplasm usually pink
Mucous units (acini) histology
- cytoplasm pale
- nuclei flat and peripheral