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ankle/foot > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Number of bones in foot

A

26

7 tarsal bones
5 metatarsal
14 phalanges

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2
Q

3 regions of foot

A

Hindfoot (talus and calcaneus)
Midfoot (navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms)
Forefoot (metatarsals and phalanges)

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3
Q

Groove posterior of talus is for?

A

Tendon of FHL

Os Trigonum lateral to FHL

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4
Q

Primary blood supply of talus

A

Artery of tarsal canal (posterior tibial artery)

Also, superior neck vessels (anterior tibial artery) and artery of the tarsal sinus (dorsalis pedis)

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5
Q

Cuboid is grooved on the plantar surface by what structure?

A

Peroneus longus

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6
Q

Ligaments of ankle syndesmosis

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
Transverse tibiofibular ligament
Interosseous ligament

Injury referred to as “high ankle sprain”

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7
Q

Injury (bony avulsion) to anterior inferior talofibular ligament (AITFL) in adolescents will result in

A

Tillaux fracture

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8
Q

Weakest lateral fibular ligament

A

ATFL

Injured with lateral ankle sprain

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9
Q

Injured ligament in lateral ankle sprains

A

Anterior talofibular ligament

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10
Q

Explain importance of ankle position in lateral ligament complex testing

A

Plantar fexion tightens ATFL

Inversion with neutral flexion tightens CFL

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11
Q

Supports head of talus. Attenuated in pes planus deformity

A

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)

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12
Q

Connects medial (shortest) cuneiform to second (longest) metatarsal

A

Lisfranc ligament

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13
Q

Major tendons which cross the ankle joint (medial)

A

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

“Tom, dick and Harry”

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14
Q

Only dorsal intrinsic muscle of the foot

A

Extensor digitorum brevis (innervated by lateral branch of deep peroneal nerve)

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15
Q

Lumbar plexus ventral rami

A

T12-L4

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16
Q

Nerve that pierces psoas and lies anteromedial to it

A

Genitofemoral nerve

17
Q

Sacral plexus ventral rami

A

L4-S3

18
Q

Structure at risk with anteriorly placed sacroiliac screw

A

Genitofemoral nerve

19
Q

Major reference point for sciatic nerve and other neurovascular structures

A

Piriformis

20
Q

Nerves which exit lesser sciatic foramen

A 
Pudendal nerve
Obturator internus nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous
Sciatic nerve 
Inferior gluteal nerve
Quadratus femoris

“POPS IQ”

21
Q

Only dorsal intrinsic muscle of foot

A

Extensor digitorum brevis

22
Q

EDB is innervated by what nerve

A

Lateral terminal branch of deep peroneal nerve

23
Q

Genitofemoral nerve course

A

Pierces psoas and lies on its anteromedial surface

24
Q

Sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

25
Q

Course of sciatic nerve

A

Passes anterior to piriformis and posterior to obturator internus and short external rotators

26
Q

Nerve supply of all posterior thigh muscles

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

27
Q

Only muscle in posterior thigh not innervated by tibial division of sciatic nerve

A

Short head of biceps femoris (innervated by peroneal division)

28
Q

Supplies all intrinsic muscles of foot

A

Tibial nerve

29
Q

Only extrinsic muscle of foot not supplied by tibial nerve

A

EDB

Supplied by deep peroneal nerve

30
Q

Most proximal branch of lateral plantar nerve

A

Nerve to adductor digiti quinti

Baxter nerve

31
Q

Supplies sensation to first web space of foot

A

Medial terminal branch of deep peroneal nerve

32
Q

At risk for injury during placement of anterolateral ankle arthroscopy portal

A

Dorsal intermediate branch of superficial peroneal nerve

33
Q

Supplies sensation to dorsomedial aspect of great toe

A

Dorsal medial cutaneous nerve of superficial peroneal nerve (crosses EHL in lateral to medial direction)

ankle/foot (1 decks)

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