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ENT Anatomy > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the somatic sensory nerve supply to the nasal cavities?

A

Trigeminal nerve CNV
Anterosuperiorly - opthalmic CNV1
Posteroinferiorly - maxillary CNV2

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2
Q

What is the blood supply of the nasal cavities?

A

Opthalmic
Facial
Maxillary arteries

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3
Q

What does the opthalmic artery branch into?

A

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal

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4
Q

What does the facial artery branch into?

A

Labial artery

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5
Q

What does the labial artery branch into?

A

On lateral side of nose - lateral nasal branch

On medial side (septum) - septal branch of superior labial

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6
Q

What does the maxillary artery branch into?

A

Sphenopalantine and greater palantine arteries

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7
Q

What arteries make up kiesselbach’s area?

A

Labial
Ethmoidal
Greater palantine
Sphenopalatine

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8
Q

Name the paranasal sinuses

A

2x frontal
2x maxillary
2x ethmoidal air cells
1/2x sphenoid

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9
Q

Where do the frontal sinuses drain?

A

Middle meatus

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10
Q

Where do the maxillary sinuses drain?

A

Middle meatus

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11
Q

Where do the ethmoidal air cells drain?

A

Superior and middle meatus

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12
Q

Where do the sphenoidal sinuses drain?

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess

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13
Q

Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain?

A

Inferior meatus

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14
Q

What foraminae does CNI go through?

A

Cribiform plate of ethmoid

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15
Q

What foraminae does CNII go through?

A

Optic canal

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16
Q

What foraminae does CNIII go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

What foraminae does CNIV go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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18
Q

What foraminae does CNV1 go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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19
Q

What foraminae does CNV2 go through?

A

Foramen rotundum

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20
Q

What foraminae does CNV3 go through?

A

Foramen ovale

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21
Q

What foraminae does CNVI go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

What foraminae does CNVII go through?

A

Internal acoustic meatus (then stylomastoid foramen)

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23
Q

What foraminae does CNVIII go through?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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24
Q

What foraminae does CNIX go through?

A

Jugular foramen

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25
Q

What foraminae does CNX go through?

A

Jugular foramen

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26
Q

What foraminae does CNXI go through?

A

Jugular foramen (then foramen magnum)

27
Q

How much of the ear canal is bone and cartilage?

A

2/3 petrous part of temporal bone

1/3 elastic cartilage

28
Q

What is the pterion?

A

Thinnest part of skull

Made from parietal, temporal, sphenoid and frontal

29
Q

What nerves supply the general sensory supply of external ear?

A

Superior lateral C2/C3
Superior medial, superior EAM and TM CNV3
Inferior medial, inferior EAM and TM CNX
Plus facial nerve is in there somewhere as well

30
Q

What nerve supplies the middle ear?

A

Glossopharyngeal CNIX

31
Q

What other ENT structures does CNIX supply?

A

Eustachian tube
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Tonsils

32
Q

What is the thin, superior part of the TM?

A

Pars flaccida

33
Q

What is the thick, inferior part of TM?

A

Pars tensa

34
Q

What is aditus?

A

Doorway from epitympanic recess into mastoid antrum

35
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of external ear?

A

Cranial superior 1/2 - mastoid
Lateral superior 1/2 - parotid
Rest - superior cervical

36
Q

Membranous labyrinth - endolymph or perilymph?

A

Endolymph

37
Q

Bony labyrinth - endo or perilymph?

A

Perilymph

38
Q

What are the 4 types of papillae in tongue?

A

Vallate
Fungiform
Follate
Filliform

39
Q

At what vertebae level is cricoid cartilage?

A

C6

40
Q

Where do the salivary ducts drain into?

A

Sublingual –> Sublingual papillae
Submandibular –> Sublingual papillae
Parotid –> Parotid papillae on buccal mucosa

41
Q

What is the parasympathetic supply of the salivary glands?

A

Sublingual and submandibular - CNVII

Partoid - CNIX and CNV3

42
Q

What is the foramen caecum?

A

Thyroglossal duct remnant at back of tongue

43
Q

What is the sensory supply to tongue?

A

Anterior 2/3rd = Lingual nerve (CNVII + CNV3)

Posterior 1/3rd = Glossopharyngeal CNIX

44
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of tongue? 4

A

Genioglossus
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

45
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of tongue?

A

Change shape of tongue

46
Q

What is the motor nerve supply to the extrinsic tongue muscles

A

All CNXII

Except palatoglossus which is CNX

47
Q

What are the muscles of the soft palate? 5

A 
Musculus uvulus
Tensor veli palantini
Levator veli palantini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
48
Q

What is the motor nerve supply to the muscles of the soft palate?

A

All CNX

Except tensor veli palantini which is CNV3

49
Q

What are the two groups of muscles in the pharynx?

A

Constrictor/ circular

Longitudinal

50
Q

What is the innervation and insertion of the constrictor muscles?

A

CNX

Insert - midline raphe

51
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles of pharynx?

A

Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus

52
Q

What is the nerve supply to the longitudinal muscles of pharynx?

A

All CNX

Except stylopharyngeus - CNIX

53
Q

What are the 5 types of tonsillar tissue?

A 
Pharyngeal (adenoids)
Tubal
Palatine (tonsils)
Palatine associated lymphoid tissue
Lingual tonsils
54
Q

What 2 types of cartilage support the laryngeal inlet?

Hint: think feet!

A

Cuneiform and corniculate cartilage

55
Q

What are the 2 processes on the arytenoid cartilage?

A

Muscular process

Vocal process

56
Q

What are the false vocal cords?

A

Vestibular folds

Superior

57
Q

What are the true vocal cords?

A

Vocal folds

Inferior

58
Q

What nerve supplies the vocal cords? Be specific

A

CNX
Superior - superior laryngeal branches
Inferior - inferior branches of recurrent laryngeal

59
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of larynx? 5

A 
Cricothyroid (tensors)
Thyro-arytenoid (relaxors)
Posterior cricoarytenoids (aBductors)
Lateral cricoarytenoids (aDductors)
Transverse and oblique arytenoids (aDductors)
60
Q

What nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of larynx?

A

Inferior branch of recurrent laryngeal (CNX)

EXCEPT cricothyroid which is external branch of superior laryngeal)

61
Q

What happens to vocal cords in forced respiration?

A

Abduction

Posterior cricoayrtenoids contract

62
Q

What happens to vocal cords in whispering?

A

Lateral cricoarytenoids contract

63
Q

What muscles cause vocal cords to adduct?

A

Transverse and oblique arytenoids contract

Lateral cricoayretenoids contract

64
Q

What state are the laryngeal muscles in during normal respiration?

A

Resting state

ENT Anatomy (1 decks)

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