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661 Midterm 1 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

function: pulls the hyoid anteriorly / posteriorly and up to elevate the larynx; depresses jaw / mandible

A

suprahyoid digastric (anterior AND posterior belly)

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2
Q

origin / insertion: suprahyoid digastric, anterior belly

A

origin : lower border of mandible, near mandible symphysis :: insertion : intermediate tendon

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3
Q

function: suprahyoid digastric (anterior AND posterior belly)

A

pulls the hyoid anteriorly / posteriorly and up to elevate the larynx; depresses jaw / mandible

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4
Q

origin / insertion: suprahyoid digastric, posterior belly

A

origin : mastoid process :: insertion : intermediate tendon

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5
Q

function: pulls the hyoid anteriorly and up; potentially elevates the larynx

A

suprahyoid geniohyoid AND suprahyoid mylohyoid

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6
Q

origin / insertion: suprahyoid geniohyoid

A

origin : mental spine / mental symphysis of mandible :: insertion : hyoid body

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7
Q

origin / insertion: suprahyoid mylohyoid

A

origin : mylohyoid line on the inner surface of the mandible :: insertion : inside raphe

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8
Q

function: suprahyoid geniohyoid AND suprahyoid mylohyoid

A

pulls the hyoid anteriorly and up; potentially elevates the larynx

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9
Q

the suprahyoid geniohyoid is ___ to the suprahyoid mylohyoid

A

superior

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10
Q

function: draws the hyoid up and back; potentially elevates the larynx

A

suprahyoid stylohyoid

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11
Q

origin / insertion: suprahyoid stylohyoid

A

origin : styloid process of the temporal bone :: insertion : body of the hyoid

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12
Q

list the suprahyoid extrinsic laryngeal muscles (5)

A

digastric (anterior belly / posterior belly), geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid

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13
Q

function: potentially lowers or depresses the larynx

A

infrahyoid omohyoid, inferior belly

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14
Q

origin / insertion: infrahyoid omohyoid, inferior belly

A

origin : scapula :: insertion : intermediate tendon

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15
Q

function: pulls the hyoid down and back

A

infrahyoid omohyoid, superior belly

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16
Q

origin / insertion: infrahyoid omohyoid, superior belly

A

origin : intermediate tendon :: insertion : great horn of the hyoid

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17
Q

function: pulls down on the hyoid bone; potentially lowers the larynx

A

infrahyoid sternohyoid

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18
Q

origin / insertion: infrahyoid sternohyoid

A

origin : manubrium of the sternum and the end of the clavicle :: insertion : lower border body of the hyoid

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19
Q

function: lowers the larynx by pulling down on the thyroid cartilage

A

infrahyoid sternothyroid

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20
Q

origin / insertion: infrahyoid sternothyroid

A

origin : manubrium of the sternum and the first costal cartilage :: insertion : oblique line of the thyroid

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21
Q

function: elevates the larynx or depresses the hyoid

A

infrahyoid thyrohyoid

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22
Q

origin / insertion: infrahyoid thyrohyoid

A

origin : oblique line of the thyroid :: insertion : hyoid

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23
Q

list the infrahyoid extrinsic laryngeal muscles (5)

A

omohyoid (inferior belly / superior belly), sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

24
Q

function: abducts the vocal folds by rocking the arytenoid cartilage back to rotate the vocal process away form the midline

A

posterior cricoarytenoids

25
origin / insertion: posterior cricoarytenoids
origin : posterior surface of the cricoid cartilage :: insertion : muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
26
function: adducts the vocal processes and adducts membranous portions of the vocal folds
lateral cricoarytenoid
27
origin / insertion: lateral cricoarytenoid
origin : upper border and anterolateral arch of the cricoid :: insertion : muscular process of the arytenoids
28
function: adducts the arytenoid cartilages and the cartilaginous (posterior) glottis
interarytenoid, oblique AND transverse
29
origin / insertion: interarytenoid, oblique
origin : posterior portion of the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage :: insertion : up and across the apex of the opposite arytenoid
30
function: interarytenoid, oblique AND transverse
adducts the arytenoid cartilages and the cartilaginous (posterior) glottis
31
origin / insertion: interarytenoid, transverse
origin : lateral-posterior aspect of the arytenoid cartilage :: insertion : across and to the opposite of the arytenoid cartilage
32
function: on contraction: decreases distance between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and increases the distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages. lengthens the vocal folds which increases longitudinal tension to increase pitch
cricothryoid, pars oblique AND pars recta
33
origin / insertion: cricothyroid, pars oblique
origin : anterolateral arch of the cricoid :: insertion : inferior horn of the thyroid
34
function: cricothryoid, pars oblique AND pars recta
on contraction: decreases distance between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and increases the distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages. lengthens the vocal folds which increases longitudinal tension to increase pitch
35
origin / insertion: cricothyroid, pars recta
origin : anterolateral arch of the cricoid :: insertion : lower margin of the thyroid
36
function: decreases distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages. shortens vocal folds, relaxes cover, tenses body, bulks the vocal folds, aids in adduction, changes pitch
thyroarytenoid muscles, vocalis AND muscularis
37
origin / insertion: thyroarytenoid muscles, vocalis AND muscularis
origin : deep surface of thyroid angle :: insertion : lateral / inferior aspect of the vocal processes of arytenoids (some fibers attach to the muscular process)
38
list the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (8)
posterior cricoarytenoids, lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids (oblique / transverse), cricothyroids (pars oblique / pars recta), thyroarytenoids (vocalis / muscularis)
39
list the laryngeal cartilages (9)
thyroid; cricoid; arytenoid (2); cuneiform (2); corniculate (2); epiglottis
40
which laryngeal cartilage is described by the following landmarks: laminae, ___ notch, superior cornu, inferior cornu, oblique line
thyroid cartilage *cornu : horn
41
which laryngeal cartilage is described by the following landmarks: lamina, arch, ___arytenoid articulatory facets, ___thyroid joint
cricoid cartilage
42
which laryngeal cartilage is described by the following landmarks: vocal processes, apex, muscular processes
arytenoids
43
expand: 2 layer VF scheme
body and cover
44
expand: 3 layer VF scheme
cover, transition, and body AKA mucous membrane, vocal ligament, and thyroarytenoid muscle
45
expand: 5 layer VF scheme
epithelium, superficial lamina propria, intermediate lamina propria, deep lamina propria, thyroarytenoid
46
expand: VF cover
epithelium and superficial lamina propria
47
expand: VF transition
intermediate lamina propria and deep lamina propria
48
expand: VF body
thyroarytenoid muscle: vocalis and muscularis
49
the basement membrane zone secures the ___ to the ___
epithelium to the superficial lamina propria
50
the larynx is innervated by ___
CN X
51
laryngeal nerve branches serving the larynx (2)
superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve
52
two parts of superior laryngeal branch of vagus nerve
internal branch enters through opening in thyrohyoid membrane with sensory info from supraglottic area of larynx; external branch provides motor innervation to cricothyroid, also sensory info from inferior laryngeal constrictors
53
recurrent laryngeal branch of vague nerve (3)
motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles (EXCEPT cricothyroid); sensory info from infraglottic larynx; right : loops around subclavian artery then ascends trachea :: left : loops around aortic branch then ascends trachea
54
definition of mucosal wave
a wave-like motion in the cover (epithelium and superficial lamina propria) of the VFs as they vibrate
55
true or false: alteration in the properties of the vocal fold cover will affect normal vibration and diminish the wave
true; such as scarring or stiffening by disease or surgical procedure

661 Midterm 1 (6 decks)

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