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Perio 1 > anatomy > Flashcards

anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

4 parts of the peridontium

A

gingiva, PDL, root cementum, alveolar bone

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2
Q

To what type of bone does the PDL attach?

A

avleolar bone proper (ABP) aka bundle bone aka inner alveolar plate

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3
Q

Where does gingiva attach to bone?

A

outer cortical plate

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4
Q

PDL fibers attach to __________ and __________.

A

root cementum, alveolar process

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5
Q

_______________ attach PDL to cementum.

A

Sharpies fibers

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6
Q

2 functions of the periodontium

A

(1) attach the tooth to bony tissue and jaw (2) maintain integrity of masticatory mucosa

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7
Q

Periodontium originates from ______________ cells.

A

neural crest`

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8
Q

neural crest cells form _____________ beneath stomadeal epithelium.

A

ectomesenchyme

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9
Q

stomadeal epithelium releases factors which initiate __________________ interactions.

A

epithelial-ectomesenchymal

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10
Q

periodontium arises from which part of the tooth germ?

A

dental follicle (DF)

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11
Q

____________ determines the shape and form of a tooth.

A

dental papilla

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12
Q

Why is there no bleeding during tooth eruption?

A

eruption canal made from epithelial tissue with no blood supply

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13
Q

Which part of the tooth forms first? (crown or root)

A

crown

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14
Q

odontoblasts form dentin while_______________ is forming.

A

hertwig epithelial rooth sheath (HRS)

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15
Q

What triggers the formation of cementum?

A

HRS breakdown makes follicle visible, follicular ectomesenchymal cells differentiate into cememtoblasts by amelogenin.

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16
Q

PDL is formed by __________ that differentiated from dental follicle ___________ (location) to cementum.

A

fibroblasts, lateral

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17
Q

__________ differentiate from dental follicle ectomesenchymal cells that form _____________.

A

odontoblasts, avleolar bone proper

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18
Q

ectomesenchymal cells remain in mature periodontium and participate in ________.

A

turnover

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19
Q

root completion and PDL formation take _________ years after eruption.

A

3

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20
Q

part of the masticatory mucosa which covers the alveolar process and surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth

A

gingiva

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21
Q

3 parts of the gingiva (aka gingival sulcus, marginal gingiva, sulcus depth)

A

free gingiva (FG), attached gingiva (AG), interdental papilla

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22
Q

boundaries of free gingiva

A

extends from free gingival margin (FGM) to free gingival groove

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23
Q

What does probing measure?

A

free gingiva depth

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24
Q

_________ gingiva is thinner than _________ gingiva.

A

mand, max

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25
Q

FG is made of ___________ epithelium.

A

keratinized

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26
Q

FGM is located ________mm coronal to CEJ

A

1.5-2

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27
Q

FGG is the jxn between ________ and __________.

A

FG and AG

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28
Q

true/ false: FGG found in almost all adults

A

false- only 30-40%

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29
Q

in healthy gingiva, the CEJ is cover by which kind of gingiva?

A

FG

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30
Q

FGG corresponds to ______.

A

CEJ

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31
Q

3 types of gingival epithelium (GE)

A

oral epithelium (OE), oral sucular epithelium (OSE), junctional epthielium (JE)

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32
Q

which type of GE faces the oral cavity?

A

OE

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33
Q

which type of GE faces tooth surface w/o contacting it?

A

OSE

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34
Q

whichy type of GE provides contact between gingiva and tooth surface?

A

JE

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35
Q

true/false: if lost, OSE will not regenerate from OE

A

false: it will regenerate

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36
Q

when probing, which type of GE stops the probe?

A

JE

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37
Q

the limits and landmarks of the FG change from health to disease, and this determines accuracy of ___________.

A

probe reading

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38
Q

5 characteristics of healthy AG

A

(1) firm texure (2) coral pink (3) immobile (4) varying width (5) stippling

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39
Q

true/ false: buccal AG width decreases with age due to passive eruption

A

false: increases

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40
Q

buccal AG is widest in ______ and narrowest in _____________.

A

incisors, premolars

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41
Q

mandibular lingual AG is widest in __________ and narrowest in ___________.

A

molars, incisors

42
Q

mucogingival jxn (MGJ) is the jxn between _______ and ____________.

A

AG, alveolar mucosa (where keratinized meets unkeratinized gingiva)

43
Q

why is there NO MGJ in the palate?

A

all palate gingiva is keratinized

44
Q

Which type of gingiva is important to withstand friction and forces?

A

AG

45
Q

Regarding the interdental papilla (IP), the incisocervical direction measures what?

A

Width

46
Q

Regarding the IP, the buccolingual direction measures what?

A

Thickness

47
Q

3 things that determine shape of IP

A

Contact relationships between adj teeth, width of approximal tooth surface, course of CEJ

48
Q

IP concavity seen in contact areas of premolar/ molar region

A

Col

49
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the col?

A

Non-keratinized

50
Q

OE is composed of _____________ epithelium (specific name)

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (keratinocytes)

51
Q

4 layers of OE

A

Basal, prickle, granular, keratinized

52
Q

T/F: Orthokeratinized (no nucleus) and parakeratinized (nuclear remnants) epithelium both behave the same way.

A

True

53
Q

Out of the four OE layers, which one does the most work?

A

Basal layer bec. Its making new cells

54
Q

From the basal layer to the granular layer, number of cytoplasmic tonofilaments and desmosomes increases or decreases?

A

Increases

55
Q

From basal layer to granular layer, number of organelles increases or decreases?

A

Decreases

56
Q

Which cells make up 90% of OE?

A

Keratinocytes

57
Q

Which OE cells are the most common and synthesize melanin?

A

Melanocytes

58
Q

Which OE cells are the most numerous defense cells?

A

Langerhans cells

59
Q

Which OE cells are sensory cells?

A

Merkels cells

60
Q

The basement membrane is located between the _______ blank layer of the OE and _________.

A

Basal, connective tissue

61
Q

The basement membrane is ______mm wide, rich in _____________ and contains ________________ complexes

A

1-2, glycoproteins, protein-polysaccharide

62
Q

2 layers of the basement membrane

A

Lamina lucida- adj to basal cells
Lamina densa- adj to connective tissue

Hemisesmodomes

63
Q

Fused rete pegs within CT

A

Stippling

64
Q

What is the first attachment place for gingiva to enamel?

A

Junctional epithelium

65
Q

Which cell are bigger? JE or OE

A

JE

66
Q

During eruption, REE is the precursor to ________.

A

JE

67
Q

After eruption, OE cells differentiate into ______.

A

JE

68
Q

T/F: JE is continually renewed

A

True

69
Q

Which intercellular space is larger? JE or OE

A

JE

70
Q

Which has more desmosomes? JE or OE

A

OE

71
Q

T/F: JE cannot become keratinized even when exposed to friction

A

FALSE

72
Q

Why does the JE have fewer desmosomes than OE?

A

more gaps to allow neutrophils to pass through and get into sulcus

73
Q

attachment loss

A

JE moves down (apically) from CEJ

74
Q

An adult healthy JE sits ____mm or _______ the CEJ

A

1mm or at

75
Q

______, _______, epithelium is necessary for pocket formation

A

viable and functional

76
Q

necrotic ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)

A

HIV patients, JE cells die resulting in pocketing, bone exposed

77
Q

If a patient has AL of 3mm and -3mm recession, what is the pocket depth?

A

6mm

78
Q

If a patient has 6mm AL, what is the pocket depth

A

6mm

79
Q

If a patient has 3mm true recession and a 6mm pocket depth from gingival margin, what is AL?

A

9mm

80
Q

In gingival connective tissue (lamina propria), fibroblast synthesize 4 types of fiber

A

collagen, reticulin, oxylatan and elastic

81
Q

which 2 gingival CT fibers mainly serve to protect BV?

A

oxytalan and elastic fibers

82
Q

4 types of gingival fibers

A

circular, dentogingival, dentoperiosteal, transseptal

83
Q

_____fibers encircle the tooth like a cuff

A

circular

84
Q

_______ fibers fan out from supra-crestal cementum into free gingiva

A

dentogingival

85
Q

__ fibers run from supracrestal cementum into attached gingiva

A

dentoperiosteal

86
Q

_______fibers run from tooth to tooth embedded in cementum

A

transseptal

87
Q

main function of PDL

A

evenly distributes forces, essential to tooth mobility

88
Q

PDL fibers

A

alveolar crest fibers, horizontal, oblique, apical (all have similar fxns)

89
Q

epithelial cell rests of Mallassez are remnants of ___________

A

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

90
Q

Which tissue is silimar to bone but has no vascular system, innervation or resorption/ remodeling?

A

cementum

91
Q

Cementum has a mineral content of ________%, _________ fibers embedded in organic matrix, and continues __________ throughout life.

A

65, collagen, deposition

92
Q

Intrinsic cemental fibers are produced by ____________ and consist of fibers __________ to the root.

A

cementoblasts, parallel

93
Q

Extrinsic cemental fibers are ________ and produced by ________.

A

Sharpey’s fibers, PDL fibroblasts

94
Q

Acellular, extrinsic fiber cementum is found on the _________ or__________ portion of the root.

A

coronal or middle

95
Q

Cellular, mixed stratified cementum is found on the _______ of the root and in the _________.

A

apical third and furcations

96
Q

Cellular, instrinsic fiber cementum is found in ___________.

A

resorption lacunae

97
Q

where is cementum is thickest?

A

apical region

98
Q

Alveolar bone consists of bone formed by __________ and ______________.

A

cells from dental follicle and cells independent of tooth development

99
Q

Alveolar bone consists of ________ and ______ bone.

A

cancellous and cortical

100
Q

In alveolar bone, _________ produce bone matrix (osteoid) consisting of collagen fibers, glycoprotiens and proteoglycans

A

osteoblasts

Perio 1 (3 decks)

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