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OB-GYN > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is/are the anterolateral boundary of the perineum?

A

Inferior pubic rami and ischial rami

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2
Q

What is/are the inferior boundary of the perineum?

A

Sacrum and coccyx

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3
Q

This is a fibro fatty cushion which when divides, forms and joins the labia _______ together

A

Mons pubis - L. Majora

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4
Q

The labia majora is homologous to that of the structure in males?

A

Scrotum

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5
Q

What ligament is attached to the labia majora?

A

Round ligament

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6
Q

Hematoma caused bu trauma usually occurs in the labia majora. Give two causes of injury

A

Straddle injury and deep laceration (breech and forceps delivery that is not properly repaired.

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7
Q

Which of the two labias contain hair?

A

Labia majora

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8
Q

TRUE or FALSE: both the labia majora and minora contains sweat and sebaceous glands.

A

FALSE. Labia minora only sebaceous glands

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9
Q

Which of the two labias are more sensitive due to numerous nerve endings?

A

Labia minira

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10
Q

The labia minora is homologous to that part of the male?

A

Penile urethra

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11
Q

The labia minira is divide into two parts. What is the superior and inf parts?

A

Superior: Prepuce and frenulum
Inferior: Fourchette

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12
Q

What do you call the condition where the labias fused together?

A

Labial Agglutination

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13
Q

What factors influence labial agglutination?

A

Low estrogens or infection

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14
Q

What gland is usually located at 5-7 o’clock?

A

Bartholin’s

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15
Q

What separates the outer portion from the pelvic cavity?

A

Pelvic Diaphraghm

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16
Q

What are the five different types of hymen?

A

Annular, septate, cribeiform, imperforate, parous introitus

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17
Q

Which type of hymen is bouncy upon palpation?

A

Imperforate hymen

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18
Q

What three important evidences should be seen in patients that are sexually abused other than the physical apperance of the hymen?

A

Vagina is edematous, erythematous, and bloody

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19
Q

This is a condition wherein the urethra is enlarged and erythematous.

A

Urethral prolapse

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20
Q

What are the only three functions of the vagina?

A
  1. Sexual intercourse
  2. Menstrual flow
  3. Labor during normal delivery
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21
Q

What embryological structures meet and fuse to form the vagina?

A

Mullerian tubercle and urogenital sinus

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22
Q

There are 4 fornices in the vaginal vault. Name these 4. Which of these 4 fronices has the most clinical importance?

A

Posterior, Anterior and 2 lateral

Posterior fornix (have an immediate access to the peritoneal cavity)

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23
Q

What structure covers the upper posterior vaginal wall?

A

Cul de sac / Pouch pf Douglas

24
Q

What kind of disease shows white, cheese like discharge in the cervix?

A

Candidiasis

25
Q

What is the other term for mons pubis?

A

Monsveneris

26
Q

What septa separates the vagina from the bladder anteriorly?

A

Vesicovaginal septum

27
Q

Whatstructure separates the vagina from rectum posteriorly?

A

Rectovaginal septum

28
Q

What is the most probable structure that is damaged during normal child delivery?

A

External anal sphincter

29
Q

The anterior triangle is a remnant of what embryogenical structure?

A

Urogenital Triangle = from urogenital sinus

30
Q

What type of episiotomy predisposes a pt to rectovaginal fistulas?

A

Medial/Midline episiotomy

31
Q

This is an irregular fibromuscular mass between the anal canal and perineal membrane

A

Perineal body

32
Q

This structure is a sling of muscle that gives support to the abdmonial organs.

A

Pelvic diaphragm/floor

33
Q

What nerve innervates the pelvic floor?

A

S2-S4 Pudendal Nerve

34
Q

What are the three components of the levator ani?

A

Pubococcygeus
Pubirectalis
Iliococcygeus

35
Q

What is the central tendon of the perineum?

A

Perineal body

36
Q

This structure is separated into true an false parts. What is this stricture and what separates it?

A

Pelvic cavity - Linea Terminalis

37
Q

There are two apertures in the pelvis. Which of these two is the inferior and superior pelvic aperture, respectively

A

Pelvic outlet and inlet

38
Q

Which of the two parts pf the pelvis contains the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes?

A

True Pelvis / Pelvis Minor

39
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the pelvis minor?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

40
Q

What is the posterolateral boudary of the greater pelvis?

A

Iliac fossa

41
Q

The fallopian tube is divided into 4 parts. Name all

A

Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Interstitium

42
Q

What is the body:cervix ratio in an adult?

A

2:1

43
Q

The uterus is derived from the fusion of what embryological structure?

A

Mullerian Ducts

44
Q

What is the most significant area in the cervix where neoplasia is most likely to occur?

A

Squanocolumnar jxn

45
Q

TRUE or FALSE: The isthmus and the lower uterine segment are different structures.

A

FALSE. ISTHMUS-non pregnant LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT-pregnant

46
Q

What Mullerian abnormalities causes principal deformities? (4)

A

Agenesis of both ducts
Unilateral maturation of one mullerian duct
Absent/faulty modline fusion of the ducts
Defective canalization

47
Q

Class I anomaly may affect what structure/s?

A

Vagina, cervix, uterus, and/or fallopian tubes

48
Q

Uterine didelphies are classified under what class?

A

Class III

49
Q

In a bicornuate uterus, there is an increased risk for miscarriage, preterm birth and malpresentation. This anomaly is usually caused by?

A

Lack of fundal fusion

50
Q

This is a mild deviation from the normally developed uterus

A

Arcuate Uterus

51
Q

This ovarian ligament connects the ovary to the uterus

A

Uteroovarian ligament

52
Q

What ligament connects the ovary to the pelvic side wall?

A

Suspensory ligament

53
Q

What structure connects the uterus with the pelvic side wall?

A

Round ligament

54
Q

What is the most important ligament which supports the internal organs?

A

Cardinal/Mackenrodt Ligament

55
Q

What is the main blood supply of the uterus, vagina and fallopian tubes and ovaries? This branches from?

A

Uterine artery from hypogastric artery

56
Q

The uterine arteries are from what division of the internal iliac artery?

A

Anterior division

OB-GYN (4 decks)

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