Anatomy

Question 1

root of the lungs

Answer 1

primary bronchus, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, bronchial vessels, lymphatics, autonomic nerves.

Question 2

structures medial to right lung

Answer 2

superior vena cava, arch of azygos, oesophagus, right atrium, inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, bronchus to superior lobe, bronchus

Question 3

structures medial to the left side of the lung

Answer 3

aortic arch, pulomnary artery, thoracic aorta, pulmonary veins, bronchus, heart

Question 4

branches in right lung

Answer 4

1

Question 5

branches in left lung

Answer 5

2

Question 6

number of segments in right lung

Answer 6

10

Question 7

number of segments in left lung

Answer 7

8

Question 8

parts of the respiratory zone

Answer 8

1. Respiratory bronchiole
2. Alveolar duct
3. Alveolar sac
4. Alveoli

Question 9

which parts of the respiratory system has no cartilage

Answer 9

terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole

Question 10

where in the respiratory system is serous mucous glands present

Answer 10

trachea and bronchus

Question 11

what does the alveolo-capillary membrane consist of

Answer 11

surfactant, alveolar epithelium, capillary endothelium, tissue in the interalveolar septum

Question 12

what is the thin portion of respiratory membrane

Answer 12

basement membranes of the epithelial and endothelial cells fuse

Question 13

thick portion

Answer 13

basement membrane separated by interstitial tissues

Question 14

Bronchial arteries

Answer 14

arise from the aorta, 1 on right 2 on left

Question 15

where do bronchial veins drain into

Answer 15

azygos and posterior intercostal veins

Question 16

where is the oblique fissure

Answer 16

extends from the spine TV2 to 6th costal cartilage anteriorly

Question 17

where is the horizontal fissure

Answer 17

extends from oblique fissure along the 4th rib and costal cartilage anteriorly

Question 18

lobes in left and right lung

Answer 18

3 right, 2 left

Question 19

what is the pleura

Answer 19

a serous membrane that surrounds the lung

Question 20

visceral pleura

Answer 20

adherent to lung

Question 21

parietal pleura

Answer 21

adheres to surface of thoracic wall

Question 22

pleural cavity

Answer 22

potential space between visceral and parietal pleura

Question 23

pleural recess

Answer 23

potential space where 2 adjacent parietal pleura are in contact

costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal

Question 24

is the visceral pleura sensitive to pain and touch

Answer 24

no

Question 25

what nerves supply the parietal pleura

Answer 25

intercostal nerves, phrenic nerves and lower 5-6 intercostal nerves

Question 26

Structures of the superior mediastinum

Answer 26

esophagus, trachea, vagus, left recurrent laryngeal nerve,

Question 27

Branches of the aorta

Answer 27

left common carotid, left subclavian, brachocephalic

Question 28

structures of the middle inferior mediastinum

Answer 28

heart and pericardium, ascending aorta, pulmonary artery, termination of superior and inferior vena cava

Question 29

anterior inferior mediastinum

Answer 29

thymus gland, internal thoracic arteries, veins and lymphatics

Question 30

posterior inferior medastinum

Answer 30

esophagus, primary bronchi, descending aorta and its branches, thoracic duct, azygos veins,

Question 31

where to insert needle for thoracentesis

Answer 31

9th intercostal space mid axillary line during expiration

Question 32

components of thyroid cartilage

Answer 32

lateral thyroid ligaments, right and left lamina
Anterior – Thyroid notch, laryngeal prominence
Posterior – Superior horn and inferior horn

Question 33

where does food get stuck

Answer 33

piriform fossa

Question 34

components of the laryngeal inlet

Answer 34

epiglottis
aryepiglottic fold
cricoid cartilage
piriform fossa

Question 35

motor supply to intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Answer 35

ALL intrinsic – Vagus
Cricothyroid - external laryngeal nerve
other intrinsic laryngeal muscles - recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 36

sensory supply of larynx above vocal folds

Answer 36

internal laryngeal nerve, pierce through thyrohyoid membrane

Question 37

sensory supply of larynx below vocal folds

Answer 37

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 38

blood supply of the larynx

Answer 38

1, branches of the common carotid artery -> external carotid and superior thyroid artery

2. subclavian artery -> thyrocervical trunk -> inferior thyroid artery and inferior laryngeal artery