Anatomy Flashcards
What are a few key differences between the male and female pelvis?
Female:
- Gynecoid outlet
- Smaller obturator foramen
- Oval shaped acetabulum
Male:
-Android outlet
What are the 3 retroperitoneal pouches/fossae of the male?
- Paravesical fossae
- Rectovesical pouch
- Pararectal fossae
What are the 5 retroperitoneal pouches/fossae of the female?
- Paravesical fossae
- Vesicouterine pouch
- Rectouterine pouch
- Pararectal fossae
- Broad L. of the Uterus
What are the three parts of the broad L. of the uterus?
Mesovarium (ovary)
Mesosalpinx (tube)
Mesometrium (uterus)
TQ
Female membranous pelvic fascia is either visceral or parietal.
What are the 2 key parietal fascias and what do they contain?
- Obturator fascia (lines inside of obturator internus)
- Tendinous Arch of Pelvic Fascia (uterosacral ligament)
Female endopelvic fascia is either loose areolar fascia (fat) or condensed fascia.
What does the condensed fascia form?
Hypograstric sheath
TQ
The female hypogastric sheath (condensed endopelvic fascia) has three parts (urinary bladder, rectum, and uterus). What is the uteral portion called?
The middle lamina of the hypogastric sheath AKA
Transverse cervical ligament (cardinal L.)
Perineal fascia:
What is the separation between the pelvis and the perineum?
Pelvic diaphragm (Levator ani m. and Coccygeus m.)
Note: penis and scrotum are superficial fascia
Superficial perineal mm.:
Ischiocavernosus in the male assoc w/ crura of penis, female crura of clitoris
Bulbospongiosus assoc w/ what in each sex?
Superficial transverse pernieal m.
Bulbospongiosus assoc w/:
Male-Bulb of the penis
Female-Bulbs of the vestibule
Deep perineal mm. (innervated by deep perineal nn.):
What comprises the urogenital diaphragm? What is difference between males and females?
- External urethral sphincter (dorsal n. of the penis/clitoris)
- Compressor urethrae
- Deep transverse perineal m. (females=smooth m, males=skeletal m.)
What comprises the pelvic diaphragm (name all parts)?
1) Levator ani m.:
-Puborectalis m.
-Pubococcygeus m.
-Iliococcygeus m.
AND
2) Coccygeus m.
What separates the pelvis from the abdomen?
The pelvic brim
- Arcuate lines of the Ilium
- Pectin pubis
- Sacral promontory
What are the various ratios of the body of the uterus to the cervix throughout the following stages of life? Birth Childhood Puberty Pregnant Menopause
Birth: 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix Childhood: 1 body: 1 cervix Puberty: 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix Pregnant: 3 body to 1 cervix Menopause: 1 body: 1 cervix
This ligament is stretched during puberty–>pain and terminates in the labia majora
What is the embryological origin?
Lower gubernaculum
(upper gubernaculum–>ovarian ligament)
Note: the suspensory ligament of the ovary contains the ovarian vessels
What type of fascia is the uterosacral ligament?
The transverse cervical ligament?
Uterosacral:
Parietal membranous pelvic fascia of the tendinous arch
Transverse cervical:
Condensed endopelvic fascia of the middle lamina of the hypogastric sheath
What is the pathway from the ovary to the uterus?
Ovarian fimbria>> Fimbria>> Infundibulum of the uterine tube>> Ampulla of the uterine tube>> Isthmus of the uterine tube>> Uterine part of the uterine tube (inside)
The cervix drops into the vagina creating what structures?
The anterior and posterior fornices (fornix sing.)
Note: vagina=vestibule of the vagina–>cervix of the uterus
What is the pathway of sperm as it leaves the testes?
Seminiferous tubules»
Epididymis (rete testis>efferent ductules>head body tail)»
Ductus deferens (part of spermatic cord)»
Ampulla of ductus deferens (meets w/ seminal vesicle)»
Ejaculatory ducts (inside prostate)»
Prostatic urethra»
Membranous urethra»
Spongy urethra (intrabulbar fossa and navicular fossa)»
External urethral orifice
SEVENUP
(seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, urethra, penis)
What are the fascial layers of the scrotum from outside (skin) and in ?
Skin»
Dartos fascia=membranous superficial fascia»
External spermatic fascia (from external abd. oblique)»
Cremasteric fascia (from internal abd. oblique)»
Internal spermatic fascia (transversalis m. fascia)»
Parietal layer of tunica vaginalis»
Visceral layer of tunica vaginalis»
Tunica albuginea
What are the fascial layers of the penis from outside (skin) and in ?
Dartos fascia (membranous superficial fascia)»
Deep (Buck’s) fascia of the penis (deep perineal fascia)»
Membranonous (scarpa’s fascia)
The corpus cavernosum of the penis contains what artery? What does the corpus cavernosum extend from?
Deep artery of the penis.
Right and Left crus–>corpus cavernosum
Bulb of penis–>corpus spongiosum
Contents of spermatic cord?
- Ductus deferens
- Testicular a.
- Pampiniform plexus of veins
- Ilioinguinal n.
- Genital branch of genitofemoral n.
- Lymphatics of testicular a.
