Anatomy 201 Flashcards
Rotator cuff muscles are also known as ______.
Name the muscles:(Mnemonic:SITS)
“Musculotendinous cuff
“Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus is the ______
Primary abductor of the arm (0-15 degrees)
Infraspinatus is the ____
Main external rotator of the shoulder
Subscapularis is the _____
Primary medial rotator of the arm
Rotator cuff muscles have a primary function of stabilizing ____ joint
Glenohumeral joint
Which of the muscle of the rotator cuff muscles is the most ruptured?
Supraspinatus tendon
Which of the muscle of the rotator cuff is most susceptible to inflammation as in ROTATOR CUFF TENDONITIS?
Supraspinatus tendon
This is because it’s tendon always rubs against the coracoacromial joint during abduction
All rotator cuff muscles rotate the arm except ___
SUPRASPINATUS
The deltoid muscle is the ____
Main abductor of the arm(15-90 degrees)
The ____ part of the deltoid is the strongest part?
Middle /ACROMIAL (due to multipennate fibres)
What structures pierce the CLAVIPECTORAL FASCIA?
Mnemonic: CALL
Cephalic vein
Acromio-thoracic Artery /Thoracoacromial Artery
Lymphatic of breast and pectoral region to the apical axillary nodes
Lateral pectoral nerve
Borders of Triangle of Auscultation ?
Inferolateral part of Trapezius
Upper border of Latissimus Dorsi
Medial border of Scapula
Structures found in the floor of triangle of auscultation?
6th rib
7th rib
6th ICS
Rhomboid major
Clinical relevance of triangle of auscultation?
Auscultation of pulmonary sounds as the triangle overlies the upper part of the LOWER/INFERIOR LOBE OF THE LUNG
The anterior compartment muscles of the arm are innervated by _____
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Brachialis muscle also has innervations from radial Nerve for proprioception
The muscles of the anterior compartment of arm are all involved in ______
Flexion
_____ is the primary and most powerful supinator of the forearm
BICEPS BRACHII
_____ is the main flexor of the forearm
BRACHIALIS
The muscles of the anterior compartment of arm are supplied by ____
Muscular branches of brachial artery
The muscle of posterior compartment of the arm-triceps brachii- is innervated by ____ and supplied by____
Radial Nerve
Profunda brachii artery
Rupture of long head of biceps brachii leads to ____
bulge seen on flexing the elbow (POPEYE SIGN)
The muscle involved in screwing movements is ____
BICEPS BRACHII
The brachial plexus passes between which two muscles in the neck?
ANTERIOR SCALENE MUSCLE
MEDIAL SCALENE MUSCLE
The Roots and Trunks of the brachial plexus are found where?
Root of the Neck
The Divisions of the brachial plexus is found?
Behind the clavicle
The cords of the brachial plexus is found in the?
Axilla
The axillary artery is separated into 3 parts by what muscle?
PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE
1st- proximal to pectoralis minor
2nd- deep/behind to pectoralis minor
3rd- distal to pectoralis minor
NOTE: Each part number corresponds to the number of branches that each of the parts give. Therefore axillary artery gives 6 branches; Mnemonic: SALSAP
At the lower border of ____ muscle, the axillary artery becomes brachial artery?
TERES MAJOR MUSCLE
The Pisiform bone of the wrist is found in what muscle?
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Ulnar artery and Ulnar Nerve are found _____ to Flexor Carpi Ulnaris’ tendon.
Lateral
The ________ muscle is absent in 15% of people
PALMARIS LONGUS
The ____ Nerve is found directly below the tendon of Palmaris Longus
Median Nerve
The superficial compartment of the anterior forearm share a common flexor origin:
Front of the medial epicondyle
What is the most medial muscle in the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm ?
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
What is the most lateral muscle in the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm ?
PRONATOR TERES
Also, the smallest muscle in the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm
The _____ Nerve passes between the deep and superficial head of the pronator teres?
MEDIAN NERVE
_____ separates the median Nerve from Ulnar Artery.
DEEP HEAD OF PRONATOR TERES
The chief gripping muscle is ____
Flexor Digitorum Profunda
Largest branch of Axillary Artery?
Subscapular Artery
The ___ and _____ arteries form an anastomostic around the surgical neck of humerus.
Anterior and Posterior circumflex arteries
Fracture at surgical neck of humerus cause damage to these arteries
Roof of Cubital Fossa:
- Skin
- Superficial fascia containing: cephalic vein, lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm, basilic vein, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm & medial cubital vein
- Deep fascia
- Bicipital aponeurosis
Floor of cubital Fossa:
Supinator muscle
Brachialis
Contents of Cubital Fossa:
Major contents from medial to lateral are;
i. The median nerve
ii. The brachial artery.
The brachial artery bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries Deep accompanying veins of the arteries.
iii.The tendon of the biceps brachii muscle.
iv. Radial Nerve; posterior interosseous Nerve
Base of Cubital Fossa;
Horizontal imaginary line drawn across the medial and lateral epicondyles
Medial and Lateral Borders of Cubital Fossa:
Medial (Ulnar)
Lateral border of pronator teres muscle
Lateral (radial)
Medial border of brachioradialis muscle.
Apex of Cubital Fossa:
Meeting point of medial and lateral boundaries
Upper triangular space Is bounded by and contains:
Teres Major-lower
Long head of triceps-lateral
Teres minor-upper
Circumflex scapular Artery
Lower triangular space or triangular interval is bounded by and contains:
Medial-long head of triceps
Lateral-humerus
Upper- teres major
Radial Nerve and profunda branchii Artery
Quadrangular space is bounded by and contains:
Upper-teres minor
Lower- teres Major
Lateral- humerus
Medial- long head of triceps
Posterior circumflex artery and axillary nerve
