Anatomy 2: Back, spine and spinal cord Flashcards
The levator scapulae, trapezius, rhomboids and latissimus dorsi are all __ back muscles
EXtrinsic
What are the 2 main groups of INtrinsic back muscles called?
Erector spinae (superficial) Transversospinalis (deep)
Which is deeper, erector spinae or transversospinalis?
Transversospinalis is deep
Where are the transversospinalis muscles found?
Within grooves between transverse and spinous processes
How many muscle groups make up the erector spinae?
And whats important to note about them?
3
They all share a common tendon which attaches to the sacrum and iliac crest
The __ rami supply all intrinsic back muscles
Posterior
The atlanto-occipital joints are between the occipital __ and the __ of the atlas
The atlanto-occipital joints are between the occipital CONDYLES and the SUPERIOR ARTICULAR FACETS of the atlas
What kind of joints are the atlanto-occipital joints?
Synovial
The atlanto-axial joints have __ articulations between the __ articular facets of the __ and superior __ of the __ . There is also 1 point of articulation between the __ arch of the __ and __ of the axis.
The atlanto-axial joints have TWO articulations between the INFERIOR articular facets of the ATLAS and superior ARTICULAR FACETS of the AXIS. There is also 1 point of articulation between the ANTERIOR arch of the ATLAS and ODONTOID PROCESS of the axis.
What is the main movement of the atlanto-axial joint?
Rotation
What can be found in the sacral canal?
Cauda equina and meninges
Where are spinal and epidural anaesthetic usually administered?
L3/L4 interspace
When administering spinal anaesthetic, the needle passes through... \_\_spinous ligament \_\_spinous ligament Ligamentum \_\_ \_\_ \_\_ mater \_\_ mater Subarachnoid space
SUPRAspinous ligament INTERspinous ligament Ligamentum FLAVUM EPIDURAL SPACE (this is the end of the list for an epidural anaesthetic) DURA mater ARACHNOID mater Subarachnoid space (this is the end of the list for spinal anaesthetic, CSF is in the subarachnoid space)
