Anatomy Flashcards
Name the intrinsic membranes of the larynx.
- Thyroepiglotic
- Cricothyroid
- Quadrangular
Name the extrinsic membranes of the larynx.
- Hyoepiglotic
- Thyrohyoid
- Cricotracheal
Name the paired cartilages of the larynx.
- Arytenoids
- Cuniforms
- Cornuates
Name the unpaired cartilages of the larynx.
Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis.
Name the intrinsic muscles of the larynx.
Cricothyroid, vocalis, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid.
What is the level of the coeliac plexus?
L1
What are the relations of the coeliac ganglion?
Superior - crura of diaphragm Inferior - coeliac trunk Anterior - pancreas Posterior - aorta
What are the branches of the coeliac ganglion
Greater splanchnic (T5/6-T9/10) Lesser splanchnic (T10/11) Least splanchnic (T11/12)
What are the terminal branches of the lumbar plexus?
Iliohypogastric (L1) Ilioinguinal (L1) Genitofemoral (L1-2) Lateral Cutaneous nerve of the Thigh (L2-4) Femoral nerve (L2-4) Obturator Nerve (L2-4)
What are the nerve roots of the Lumbar plexus?
L1-4
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of the roots?
- Nerve to subclavious (C5, C6)
- Nerve to serratus anterior (The Long Thorracic Nerve) (C5, C6, C7)
- Nerve to Rhomboids (C5)
- Nerve to Scalene muscles (segmental, not shown)
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of the trunks?
- Subscapular nerve supplying infra/supra spinatus. Branch of the Upper Trunk.
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of the branches?
- Lateral cord
- Lateral pectoral nerve
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Lateral root of the median nerve
- Posterior cord
- Superior subscapular nerve
- Thoracodorsal nerve
- Inferior subscapular nerve
- Axillary nerve
- Radial nerve
- Medial cord
- Medial pectoral
- Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
- Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
- Medial root of the median nerve
- Ulnar nerve
Label the Structures A-E
- A - Musculocutaneous Nerve
- B - Axillary Nerve
- C - Median Nerve
- D - Radial Nerve
- E - Ulnar Nerve
Label the Structures 1-11
- Long thoracic nerve
- Nerve to subclavious
- Nerve to rhomboids
- Subscapular nerve (to supra/infraspinatous)
- Lateral pectoral nerve
- Medial pectoral nerve
- Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
- Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
- Superior subscapular nerve
- Inferior subscapular nerve
- Thoracodorsal nerve
What are the origins of the sacral plexus?
L4 - S4
What are the three terminal branches of the sacral plexus and their origins?
- Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)
- Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1, S2, S3)
- Sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)
Identify this structure. What are the structures labelled A-G?
The Lumbar Plexus
- A - Iliohypogastric nerve (T12, L1)
- B - Ilioinguinal nerve (T12, L1)
- C - Lumbosacral trunk (L3, L4)
- D - Genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2)
- E - Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2, L3)
- F - Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
- G - Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Identify this structure. What are the structures labelled A-C?
The Sacral Plexus
- A - Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)
- B - Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1, S2, S3)
- C - Sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)
What is the lumbar plexus?
A nerve plexus formed by the anterior divisions of T12-L4
What is the course of the lumbar plexus?
The nerves emerge from the intervertebral foramina and enter the psoas muscle anterior to the transverse processes of the vertebra.
All emerge laterally between psoas major and quadratus lumborum. Except obturator, which passes medially before descending under the iliac vessels.
What are the contents of the sacral canal?
- Areolar connective tissue
- Fat
- Sacral nerves
- Lymphatics
- The filum terminale
- A rich venous plexus
Label the structures A-M
- A - Anterior Communicating Artery (ANT COM)
- B - Posterior Communicating Artery (POST COM)
- C - Anterior cerebral artery
- D - Middle cerebral artery
- E - Posterior cerebral artery
- F - Superior cerebellar artery
- G - Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
- H - Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
- I - Anterior spinal artery
- J - Posterior spinal artery
- K - Basilar artery
- L - Vertebral artery
- M - Internal carotid artery
Label the Structures A-G
Root of the Neck (Cross Section) at C6
- A - Sternocleidomastoid
- B - Sternohyoid
- C - Sternothyroid
- D - Omohyoid
- E - Scelenus Anterior
- F - Scelenus Medius
- G - Vertebral artery
Label the Structures H-N
Root of the Neck (Cross Section) at C6
- H - Common carotid
- I - Internal Jugular
- J - Anterior jugular
- K - External jugular
- L - Recurrant Laryngeal nerve
- M - Stellate ganglion
- N - Brachial plexus (roots/trunks)
What are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx and thier nerve supply?
- Cricothyroid - External laryngeal nerve
- Posterior cricoarytenoids - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
- Lateral cricoarytenoids - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
- Transverse arytenoids - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
- Oblique arytenoids - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
- Thyroarytenoids - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
What is the sensory innervation of the larynx?
- Above the cords - Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
- Below the cords - Recurrant laryngeal nerve
- Velecula - Glossopharyngeal nerve
What is the innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle?
The thyrohyoid, one of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles, is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve.
What is the adult volume of the sacral canal?
33 ml
