Anatomy Flashcards
What is a joint ?
A place where 2 or more bones meet and is also called an articulation
What are the 4 roles of joints and connective tissue
- Connective tissue consists of ligaments, cartilage and tendons.
- Joints are held together by ligaments which provide stability
- Cartilage is found and the ends of bones where joints meet
- Tendons attach muscles to the skeleton
What are synovial joints ?
Joints that allow free movement to perform skills and techniques during physical activity . They have synovial fluid in the joint cavity.
What are synovial joints ?
Joints that allow free movement to perform skills and techniques during physical activity . They have synovial fluid in the joint cavity.
What are ligaments?
A type of tough , fibrous, and slightly elastic connective tissue that connects bone to bone . They stabilise joints during movement, absorb shock, and help to maintain correct posture and movement
What are tendons ?
Tendons are very strong, inelastic connective tissues that allow a muscle to pull on a bond to move it . ( connect muscle to bone)
What are the types of synovial joints ?
- Hinge
- Ball and socket
- Pivot
- Condyloid
What are the types of joint movements?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Abduction
- Circumduction
- Rotation
- Planter flexion
- Dorsiflexion
Types of muscles
- Smooth muscle (involuntary)
- Cardiac muscle (involuntary)
- Skeletal muscle (voluntary)
What are antagonistic muscle pairs ?
As one muscle contracts, the other muscle relaxes or lengthens . The contracting muscle is called the agonist, and the relaxing muscle is called the antagonist
What is breathing rate (or frequency f)
The number of breaths taken in one minute. The average resting breathing rate is approximately 12-15 breaths in a minute.
What is tidal volume (TV) ?
The amount of air inspired or expired in a normal breath. The average resting tidal volume is approximately 500ml.
What is minute ventilation (VE)?
The amount or volume of air inspired or expired in 1 minute and is calculated by multiplying TV by f . The average resting VE is 7500 ml/min or 7.5 liters / minute
What is blood pressure ?
When the heart contracts, it pushes blood into blood vessels, which creates blood pressure .
Systolic vs. Diastolic value
Systolic is your blood pressure while the heart is squeezing, whereas diastolic is the blood pressure while the heart is relaxing.
