Anatomy

Question 1

Pelvic outlet boundaries?

Answer 1

Coccyx posteriorly, pubic synthesis anteriorly, 2 ischial tuberosities laterally.

Question 2

Pelvic inlet boundaries?

Answer 2

Promontory and ala of sacrum posteriorly, arcuate and pectineal lines laterally, superior pubic rami, body of the pubis and pubic synthesis anteriorly.

Question 3

Define the lesser pelvis

Answer 3

The pelvic inlet, outlet and muscular pelvic floor.

Question 4

Define the greater pelvis

Answer 4

Iliac blades on both sides and the base of the sacrum posteriorly.

Question 5

Sacrotuberous ligament?

Answer 5

Ligament between the sacrum and ischial tuberosity.

Question 6

Sacrospinous ligament?

Answer 6

Ligament between the sacrum and ischial spine.

Question 7

What travels through the obturator foramen and where does it supply?

Answer 7

The obturator neurovascular bundle and it supplies the medial compartment of the thigh.

Question 8

What is the obturator neurovascular bundle covered by and what is it an attachment point for?

Answer 8

Obturator internus, covered by obturator fascia which thickens to form the tendinous arch. The tendinous arch is an attachment point for the pelvic diaphragm.

Question 9

Blood supply to the pelvis?

Answer 9

Common iliac artery and vein.

Question 10

What is the most posterior suture on the foetal skull?

Answer 10

Lamboid suture.

Question 11

What is the most anterior suture on the foetal skull?

Answer 11

Coronal suture.

Question 12

What are the three levels of the pelvic floor?

Answer 12

1. Pelvic diaphragm.
2. Muscles of perineal pouches.
3. Perineal membrane.

Question 13

What are the two muscle groups that make up the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 13

1. Levator ani
2. Coccygyeus

Question 14

What makes up the levator ani?

Answer 14

1. Puborectalis
2. Pubococcygeus
3. Iliococcygeus

Question 15

What does the superficial perineal pouch mainly contain?

Answer 15

Female erectile tissue

Question 16

What does the anterior division of the internal iliac artery divide into?

Answer 16

Courses towards the spine of the ischium to supply the ureter, ovarian artery and fimbriated end of the uterine tube and ovary.

Question 17

What does the posterior division of the internal iliac artery divide into?

Answer 17

Superior gluteal, lateral sacral, and iliolumbar arteries.

Question 18

Where does the internal iliac vein lie in relation to the internal iliac arteries?

Answer 18

Behind.

Question 19

Where does the external iliac vein lie in relation to the internal iliac arteries?

Answer 19

Below and medial.

Question 20

Where does blood supply to the superior aspect of the bladder originate from?

Answer 20

Umbilical artery.

Question 21

What does the uterine artery anastamose with?

Answer 21

Ovarian artery.

Question 22

Where does blood supply the vagina originate from?

Answer 22

Branches of the uterine artery.

Question 23

What are the terminal branches of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 23

Internal pudendal artery and the inferior gluteal artery.

Question 24

What are the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 24

Dorsal nerve of the clitoris and the perineal nerve below.

Question 25

What does the inferior gluteal artery leave the pelvis through?

Answer 25

Lower part of the greater sciatic foramen.

Question 26

Where does the inferior rectal artery originate from?

Answer 26

Internal pudendal artery.

Question 27

Where does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

Answer 27

Gluteal region and structures in the posterior aspect of the thigh.

Question 28

Where does lymph from the pelvis drain?

Answer 28

Nodes studded along the internal iliac veins then drained into the paravertebral and lateral aortic nodes.