Anatomy Flashcards
Tell me about the blood supply to the heart…
CBF: 225ml/min 5% of CO > 75% to the LV
Two main vessels
RCA from the anterior sinus: groove between RA and RV
SA node in 60%
LCA from the left posterior sinus: splits into Cx and LAD
Cx between LA and LV
LAD interventricular groove
Tell me about the venous drainage of the heart…
Great and small cardiac veins
Drain into coronary sinus
Thebesian veins drain into the ventricles
Internal anatomy of the heart chambers
Chordae tendinae attach the tricuspid valve
When the heart contracts, papillary muscles shorten, pulling the CT and close the TV preventing backflow
What forms the borders of the heart?
Right border - right atrium
Left border - left ventricle
Inferior border - right ventricle, apex of left ventricle
Which are the ascending (sensory) tracts of the spinal cord and what information do they convey?
Dorsal columns - proprioception, vibration, fine touch
Spinocerebellar
Spinothalamic
Spino-olivary
Which are the descending (motor) tracts of the spinal cord and what information do they convey?
Corticospinal
Rubrospinal
Reticulospinal
Olivospinal
Vestibulospinal
Tell me about blood supply of the lungs…
The bronchial arteries are branches of the descending aorta and supply the bronchi, the lung connective tissue and the visceral pleura.
The terminal branches of the pulmonary arteries deliver deoxygenated blood to the alveoli.
Following oxygenation the blood leaves the alveolar capillaries and drains into the tributaries of the pulmonary veins, which follow the intersegmental connective tissue septa to the lung root.
The bronchial veins communicate with the pulmonary veins and drain into the azygos and hemiazygos veins.
Tell me about the vagus nerve…
CN X - motor and sensory
From the anterolateral medulla, passes between the olive and the cerebellar peduncle.
Through the jugular foramen and descends in the carotid sheath with the ICA and IJV
Tell me about the trachea and the bronchial tree…
Starts at C6 at the inferior edge of the cricoid cartilage; C shaped cartilage anteriorly
Bifurcates at T4/T5
10-15cm long in adults
Right main bronchus = 45° (shorter, wider) Left main bronchus = 25°
The rima glottidis…
The space between the true vocal cords
The ventricle of the larynx is…
The fossa between the true and false cords
The vestibule of the larynx is…
The part between the inlet and the false vocal cords
Regarding the intrinsic muscles of the larynx…
The posterior cricoarytenoids
The lateral cricoarytenoids and interarytenoids
The aryepiglottics and thyroepiglottics
The posterior cricoarytenoids ADBUCT the cords
The lateral cricoarytenoids and interarytenoids ADDUCT the cords
The aryepiglottics and thyroepiglottics are SPHINCTERS to the vestibule
All supplied by RLN (except cricothyroid)
Vocal cord tension is regulated by…
Cricothyroids - tensors (supplied by the external branch of SLN)
Thyroarytenoids - relaxors
Vocales - fine adjustment
Eye muscles and their cranial nerves…
CN III - oculomotor; inferior, medial and superior rectus
CN IV - trochlear; superior oblique
CN VI - abducens; lateral rectus
