Anatomy

Question 1

What component in connective tissue, which produces heparin and histamine, is often found along blood vessels?

Answer 1

Mast cells

Question 2

Elastin

Answer 2

One of the three fibers found in the connective tissue matrix is:

Question 3

The quality of soft tissue where collagen fibers become “packed down” through increased hydrogen bonding that occurs in response to tissue stress.

Answer 3

Adhesiveness

Question 4

The nonvascular, firm connective tissue found on the ends of long bones, the walls of the thorax, the ear, etc.

Answer 4

Cartilage

Question 5

Also known as cellular respiration, this process is the use of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide for ATP energy production in cells.

Answer 5

Cellular exchange

Question 6

A type of fiber, found in the connective tissue matrix, that is composed of collagen protein. It forms the tough, rope-like strands that make up the fibrous content of skin, fascia, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood vessels, and organs.

Answer 6

Collagen fiber

Question 7

The tissue that creates the structural framework of the body, providing support, transport, storage, and protection to organs and cells.

Answer 7

Connective tissue

Question 8

The tough layer of connective tissue that drapes over muscle and attaches to bony prominences by fusing with superficial layers of bone.

Answer 8

Deep fascia

Question 9

A fibrous protein, similar to collagen, that coils and recoils like a spring and accounts for the elasticity of structures such as the skin, blood vessels, heart, lungs, intestines, tendons, and ligaments.

Answer 9

Elastin

Question 10

A type of fiber, found in the connective tissue matrix, that is composed of the protein elastin. These long, thin, crosslinked fibers can be stretched to one-and-one-half times their resting length and provide elasticity to tissue.

Answer 10

Elastin fibers

Question 11

Connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fiber.

Answer 11

Endomysium

Question 12

Connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle.

Answer 12

Epimysium

Question 13

The structural bridges that link the skin, subcutaneous layer, and deeper muscle layers in a continuous network.

Answer 13

Fascial bands

Question 14

Fascial bands

Answer 14

The organization of fascia that allows adjacent structures to slide relative to each other and facilitate movement within the body

Question 15

A specialized system of the body involving widely distributed connective tissue called fascia that creates the body’s supportive network. The superficial layer of fascia is often compared to a knit sweater that wraps the entire body to explain how fascia links all body regions together. Deeper fascia separates individual structures without losing the cohesion between them. For example, it wraps individual muscle fibers, fascicles, and individual muscles and then weaves them to tendons to attach muscle to bone. It provides the underlying supportive structure of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves, defines the shape of organs, and tethers them in their proper places within the body.

Answer 15

Fascial system

Question 16

Bundles of muscle fibers surrounded by additional connective tissue; the perimysium.

Answer 16

Fascicles

Question 17

The most abundant cells in connective tissue; they secrete hyaluronic acid and proteins into ground substance to give it viscosity.

Answer 17

Fibroblasts

Question 18

A state of fascia in which it is dehydrated, shortened, dense, and adhered to surrounding structures.

Answer 18

Gel state

Question 19

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

Answer 19

The hydrophilic polysaccharides used by the body as a lubricant and shock absorber

Question 20

A fluid produced by fibroblasts that looks like egg white and surrounds all the cells in the body to support cellular metabolism.

Answer 20

Ground substance

Question 21

Ground substance

Answer 21

It provides nutritional support to cells while binding them together and providing a medium through which substances can be exchanged between blood and cells. It also serves as a spacer between collagen fibers to keep them from sticking together.

Question 22

Myofascial techniques are believed to break——- to reduce adhesions.

Answer 22

hydrogen bonding

Question 23

A fibrous connective tissue sleeve covering the surfaces of bones where they articulate with each other.

Answer 23

Joint capsule

Question 24

An immune cell found in areolar connective tissue that releases histamine, a dilator of small blood vessels during inflammation. These cells also play a role in wound healing, defense against certain pathogens, and in allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

Answer 24

Mast cells

Question 25

The meridians or lines of fascia that create connection between adjacent muscle group

Answer 25

Myofascial chains

Question 26

A muscle protein located in the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber.

Answer 26

Myofibrils

Question 27

The thin, connective tissue layer surrounding each fascicle of a muscle.

Answer 27

Perimysium

Question 28

A dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps all bone (except for the articulating surfaces in joints) and serves as the attachment point for ligaments and tendons.

Answer 28

Periosteum

Question 29

A term that means “pressure electricity” and refers to the ability of living tissue to generate electrical potentials in response to mechanical deformation.

Answer 29

Piezoelectricity

Question 30

A type of fiber, found in the connective tissue matrix, that is formed from delicate collagen strands crossing over each other to create intricate and extensive networks that support other structures.

Answer 30

Reticular fibers

Question 31

Shock absorption

Answer 31

A function of the connective tissue system.

Question 32

State of fascia in which it is well hydrated and elastic, allowing for freedom of movement in the body.

Answer 32

Sol state

Question 33

Structural integrity

Answer 33

A function of the connective tissue system.

Question 34

Superficial fascia

Answer 34

Fascia in the superficial realm of the body; just beneath the skin.

Question 35

Tensegrity

Answer 35

Tensional integrity; the integrity of a structure derived from the balance of tensional properties within it.

Question 36

The amount of stress a structure can withstand while being stretched before it breaks.

Answer 36

Tensile force

Question 37

A phenomenon in which gels become more fluid when they are stirred up and more solid when they are undisturbed. The ground substance in connective tissue, especially fascia, has the unique ability to move between a more fluid sol state and a viscous gel state. The application of massage techniques that lift, twist, compress, vibrate, and stretch the tissue, mechanically stir the ground substance to improve tissue health.

Answer 37

Thixotropy

Question 38

The quality of connective tissue that allows it to be deformed by an outside force and remain deformed for a period of time after deformation occurs

Answer 38

Viscoelasticity

Question 39

This type of fascia surrounds organs and muscles so they can glide over each other without sticking:

Answer 39

Deep fascia

Question 40

Muscles that have fibers oriented at multiple angles along a force-generating axis are called:

Answer 40

Multipennate

Question 41

Leukocytes are born in the red bone marrow, then migrate here for maturation:

Answer 41

Thymus

Question 42

An immune system response that involves a previous exposure or vaccination is:

Answer 42

Specific

Question 43

The volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after maximum inhalation is termed:

Answer 43

Vital capacity

Question 44

Which gland is the site of T-cell maturation and is larger in children than adults?

Answer 44

Thymua

Question 45

What is another term for the repair stage of the inflammatory response?

Answer 45

Subacute inflammation

Question 46

What type of fascia separates various muscles of the extremities?

Answer 46

Deep fascia