Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Esthetics > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the human body and substances the body is made of.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the function and activities of the human body (physical and chemical)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Histology

A

The study of the structure and composition of tissue (microscopic anatomy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Protoplasm

A

Colorless, jelly like substance that supplies nutrients to the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Organelles

A

Small organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nucleus

A

Dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. Aids and reproduction and metabolism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

Fluid that contains proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

What determines our genetic makeup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mitochondria

A

Yeah, powerhouse of the cell. Takes a nutrients, breaks it down, makes energy from it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ATP

A

Chemical energy used within the cell for metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neurons

A

Cells that transmit nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cell membrane

A

Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Soluble

A

Things that can enter and leave the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mitosis

A

Cell production in human tissue when the cell divides into two identical daughter cells 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical process that takes place in living organisms 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tissue

A

A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Connective tissue

A

Supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Protective lining on cavities of the body and surfaces of organs 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Contracts and moves the various parts of the body 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Carries messages through the central nervous system to control and coordinate all bodily functions 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Organs

A

A collection of tissue that performs specific functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Body system

A

Groups of organs acting together for one or more functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many bones does the human body have?

A

206 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Joint

A

The connection between two or more bones of the skeleton 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the primary functions of the skeleton?

A

Give structure and support to the body

Protect various internal structures and organs

Serves as attachments for muscles, acts as levers to produce body movement

Help produce white and red blood cells

Store most of the bodies, calcium supply, phosphorus, magnesium, and sodium 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How many bones does the human head contain?

A

22 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cranium

A

Oval case that protects the brain and is formed by eight bones 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How many bones are in the face?

A

14 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Occipital bone

A

Forms the back of the skull above the nape 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Parietal bone

A

Form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Frontal bone

A

Forms the forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Temporal bones

A

Form the sides of the head and the ear region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

The light spongy bone between the eye sockets, that forms part of the nasal cavity 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Sphenoid bones

A

Form for side of the eye socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Nasal bone

A

Form the bridge of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Lacrimal bone

A

The smallest most fragile bone in the face, situated at the front inside part of the eye socket 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Zygomatic bone (AKA malar bones or cheekbones)

A

Form the prominence of the cheeks 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Maxillae bones

A

Form the upper jaw 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Mandible

A

Forms the lower jawbone, the largest and strongest bone of the face 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Hyoid bone

A

The U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and muscles? 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column located in the neck region 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Thorax

A

The chest or pulmonary trunk, consisting of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Ribs

A

12 pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Scapula

A

The large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Sternum

A

The flat bone, that forms the ventral (front) support of the ribs 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Clavicle

A

The bone that joins the sternum and the scapula 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Humorous

A

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Ulna

A

The inner and larger bone of the forearm (lower arm), attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Radius

A

The smaller bone in the form on the same side as the thumb 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Carpus

A

A flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones (carpals) held together by ligaments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Metacarpus

A

Consists of five long, slender bones called metacarpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Phalanges

A

The bones in the fingers, three in each finger and two in each thumb, totaling 14 bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Muscular system

A

covers, shapes, and supports the skeletal tissue. Also contracts and moves various parts of the body. example: muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Nervous system

A

Carries messages through the central nervous system and controls all bodily functions.
Example: Brain, spinal cord, nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

circulatory system

A

Controls delivery of blood through body. The health of the circulatory system affects skin tissue health.
Example: Heart with blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

immune system

A

Protects body from disease by developing resistances and destroying toxins and bacteria.
Example: Spleen, lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Integumentary system

A

Largest organ of the body. Helps regulate temperature, perceive sensation, produces vitamin D, and can absorb.
Example: Skin, oil and sweat glands, hair, nails, sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Skeletal system

A

The physical foundation of the body. Also protects your bodies mechanics.
Example: Bones, immovable and movable joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

endocrine system

A

Affects growth, development, Sexual activities, and normal regulatory processes. Also consist of specialized glands. Hormones are excreted when by the Endocrine system, and When they are imbalanced, they can cause acne, breakouts, hair, growth, and oily or dry skin.
Example: The adrenal and pituitary glands, pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

reproductive system

A

Functions by producing children and passing on genetics from one generation to the next, also differs between sexes. The system influence, pregnancy, puberty, perimenopause, and menopause affect the Skin.
Example: Uterus and ovaries, penis and testes

62
Q

respiratory system

A

Enables breathing, supplies, oxygen, and eliminates carbon dioxide as waste. Adequate oxygenation of tissue equals optimum cell function.
Example: Lungs, trachea, Bronchi

63
Q

digestive system

A

Breaks food down into smaller and smaller pieces to absorb nutrients or for excretion. Good nutrition equals optimum functioning of all body systems.
Example: Esophagus, gallbladder, liver, small and large intestines

64
Q

nervous system

A

Well organized system that coordinates all activities performed by the body

65
Q

Nerves

A

Fibers every square inch of the body.
Made out of neurons

66
Q

Neurology

A

Study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system

67
Q

Central nervous system

A

Controls consciousness, involuntary functions of the five senses (Touch, taste, smell, vision, hearing) And voluntary functions (Body movements and facial express)
Example: Brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves

68
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

System of nerves that connects the peripheral (outer) Parts to the central nervous system.
Made to carry impulses and messages to and from the Central nervous system

69
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

Controls the involuntary muscles.
Regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, heart, and breathing

70
Q

The brain

A

Largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body.
Contained in the cranium and control sensation, muscles, and glandular activity.
sons and receives messages through 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the head, face, and Neck

71
Q

Brain stem

A

Connect spinal cord to the brain.
Regulates vital functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure

72
Q

spinal cord

A

Continuation of brain stem.
Originates in the brain and extends down into the lower extremity of the trunk and is protected by the spinal column.
31 pairs of spinal nerves extend from the spinal cord, distributed to the muscles and skin of the trunk and limbs

73
Q

what are the two types of nerves?

A

Sensory and motor nerves

74
Q

sensory nerves

A

Carries impulses and messages from the sense organs to brain.
Example: Touch, cold/heat sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pressure

75
Q

Motor nerves

A

Carries impulses from the brain to the muscles and the glands; Produces movement

76
Q

receptors

A

sensory nerve endings close to the surface of the skin

77
Q

reflex

A

Automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of impulse from sensory receptor along the nerve to the spinal cord in responsive impulse back along the motor neuron to a muscle.
Reflexes are automatic.
Example: Putting your hand on a hot stove and then pulling away quickly once you feel the heat.

78
Q

nerve I

A

Olfactory - nose (sensory)

79
Q

Nerve II

A

Optic - eye (sensory)

80
Q

Nerve III, IV, and VI

A

Oculomotor - Eye muscles (motor)

81
Q

Nerve VII

A

Facial - Muscles of the face (motor)

82
Q

Nerve V

A

Trigeminal
Sensory - Face, sinuses, teeth

Motor - Muscles of mastication

83
Q

Nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear - Inner ear (sensory)

84
Q

Nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal -
Sensory - posterior (outer) part of tongue, tonsils, pharynx

Motor - Pharyngeal musculature

85
Q

Nerve X

A

Vagus -
Sensory - heart, lungs, bronchi, GI tract, trachea, larynx, pharynx

Motor - heart, lungs, bronchi, GI tract, outer ear

86
Q

Nerve XI

A

Accessory - Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius muscles (motor)

87
Q

Nerve XIII

A

Hypoglossal - Muscles of the tongue (motor)

88
Q

what are the Important cranial nerves for an esthetician to know?

A

Nerves V, VII, and XI

89
Q

what is the largest of the cranial nerves?

A

Nerve V or Trigeminal nerve

90
Q

Three branches of trigeminal nerve

A

Ophthalmic Nerve, Mandibular nerve, And Maxillary nerve

91
Q

Ophthalmic Nerve

A

affects skin of forehead, upper eyelids, and interior of scalp, orbit, eyeball, and Nasal passage

92
Q

Mandibular nerve

A

Affects muscles of chin and lower lip

93
Q

Maxillary nerve

A

affects upper part of the face

94
Q

Auriculotemporal Nerve

A

Affects the external ear and skin above the temple up to the top of the skull

95
Q

infraorbital nerve

A

The skin of the lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip, and mouth

96
Q

Infratrochlear Nerve

A

Affects the membrane in the skin of the nose

97
Q

mental nerve

A

Affects the skin of the lower lip and chin

98
Q

nasal nerve

A

Affects the point and lower side of the nose

99
Q

supraorbital nerve

A

Affects the skin of the forehead, scalp eyebrow, and upper eyelid

100
Q

supratrochlear nerve

A

Affect the skin between the eyes and the upper side of the nose

101
Q

zygomatic nerve

A

Affects the muscles of the upper part of the cheek

102
Q

Nerve VII - Facial Nerve

A

Chief motor nerve of the face.
goes from lower part of ear to the muscles of the neck.
Supplies and controls all the muscles of facial expression and secretions of saliva.

103
Q

what are the most important branches Of the facial nerve?

A

The buccal nerve, cervical nerves, posterior auricular Nerve, Temporal nerve, and zygomatic nerve

104
Q

buccal nerve

A

Affects the muscles of the mouth

105
Q

cervical nerves

A

Affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle

106
Q

mandibular nerve

A

Affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip

107
Q

posterior auricular nerve

A

Affects the muscles behind the ear, at the base of the skull

108
Q

temporal nerve

A

Affects the muscles of the temple, side of the forehead, eyebrow eyelid, and the upper part of the cheek

109
Q

Nerve XI - Accessory Nerve

A

Motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles.

110
Q

Cervical Cutaneous Nerve

A

located at the side of the neck.
Affects the front sides of the neck as far down as the breast bone

111
Q

Greater Auricular Nerve

A

located at the side of the neck.
Affects the face ears, neck, and parotid gland

112
Q

Greater occipital nerve

A

located in the back of the head.
Affects scalp to top of head.

113
Q

Smaller Occipital Nerve

A

located at base of the skull.
Affects the scalp and the muscles.

114
Q

What are the nerves of the arm?

A

The digital nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, and ulnar nerve

115
Q

Digital

A

Sensory motor nerve that supplies, the fingers

116
Q

radial nerve

A

Sensory motor nerve that supplies, the thumb, side of the arm, and back of the hand

117
Q

Median nerve

A

Sensory motor nerve that affects the little finger, side of the arm, and palm of the hand

118
Q
A
119
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Is a sensory-motor nerve that withits branches affects the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hard

120
Q

Circulatory system (Cardiovascular system )

A

Controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means
Of the heart and blood vessels (Veins and arteries)

121
Q

Heart

A

“Body’s pump “ a muscular cone-shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system.

122
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Carries the blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated.

123
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Known as general circulation, carries the oxygenated blood from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart again

124
Q

Blood vessels

A

Tubelike structure that includes the arteries, arterioles, capillaries , venules and veins.

125
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

126
Q

Arterioles

A

Deliver blood to capillaries

127
Q

Capillaries

A

Bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials

128
Q

Venules

A

Small vessels that connect capillaries from the veins and collect blood from it and drain it into the veins.

129
Q

Viens

A

Thin walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries; they contain cuplike valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs

130
Q

Blood

A

Nutritive fluid circulating through the cardiovascular system(heart, veins, arteries and capillaries ) to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them

131
Q

Red blood cells

A

Blood cells that carry oxygen from the rings to the body cells and transport carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs

132
Q

White blood cell

A

Perform the function of destroying disease-causing germs

133
Q

Platelets

A

contribute to the blood-clotting process , which stops bleeding

134
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid part of the blood

135
Q

Common carotid arteries

A

Are the main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck (located on either side of the neck and each one is divided into and internal and external branch

136
Q

Why do Estheticians need to understand the vessel location?

A

To help avoid bruising during treatment or even the possible adverse event a vessel of occlusion during a dermal filler session.

137
Q

Lymphatic/immune system

A

Is a vital to the circulatory and immune systems and is made up of the liver, lymph, lymph nodes, thymus, gland, spleen, and lymph vessels that act as an aid to the circulatory system

138
Q

Liver

A

Is a gland located in the abdominal cavity it secretes enzymes necessary for digestion, synthesizes proteins and detoxifies the blood. Also regulates sugar levels in the blood, helps with the decomposition of red blood cells and produces hormones needed for body functions.

139
Q

Lymph node

A

A gland like structure found inside a lymphatic vessels that fights infection and detoxifies the blood

140
Q

Interstitial fluid,

A

A solution that bathes and surrounds the cells and provides the cells with nutrients and a method of removing cell waste;The fluid contains components that are involved in blood clotting and wound healing.

141
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Is the most complex organ of the endocrine system. It affects almost every physiologic process of the body such as growth, blood pressure contractions during childbirth breast- milk production, sexual organ functions in both women and men, thyroid gland function, and the conversion of food into energy ( metabolism.)

142
Q

Pancreas

A

Responsible for digesting, carbohydrates, proteins and fats. The islet of langerhans cells within the pancreas control, insulin and glucagon production.

143
Q

Reproductive system

A

Perform the function of producing children in passing on our genetics from one generation to another .

144
Q

Melasma

A

Referred to as pregnancy mask; a form of hyperpigmentation that is characterized by bilateral patches of brown pigmentation on cheeks, jawline forehead, upper lip due to hormonal and balances, such as pregnancy, birth control or hormone replacement therapy .

145
Q

Respiratory system

A

Enables breathing and consist of the lung and air passages which supplies the body with oxygen and an eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product.

146
Q

Lungs

A

Main organs of the respiratory system two of them located on either side of the heart take oxygen from the environment and transferred to the bloodstream. They also exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide during a breathe.

147
Q

Inhalation

A

(Or breathing in) oxygen is absorbed into the blood.

148
Q

Gastrointestinal system

A

Is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste also called as the digestive system.

149
Q

Peristalsis

A

Moving food around the digestive tract.

150
Q

Excretory system

A

Is responsible for purifying the body by eliminating waste matter. The metabolism of body cells creates various toxic substances that if retained could poison the body.

151
Q

Kidneys

A

Excrete, urine, eliminating water, and waste products

Esthetics (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions