Anatomy

Question 1

embryological origin of
- gingival epithelium
- PDL and cementum
- alveolar bone

Answer 1

• ectoderm
• ectomesenchyme
• mesoderm

Question 2

what type of epithelium (histologically) is the outer gingival epithelium

Answer 2

orthokeratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

what does gingival connective tissue consist of

Answer 3

mesh of collagen fibres in an extracellular matrix made up of a non cellular ground substance of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans and glycoproteins (all synthesised by fribroblasts)

Question 4

what percentage of the population is a gingival groove present

Answer 4

around 40%

Question 5

function of junctional epithelium

Answer 5

provides contact between gingiva and tooth and attaches to enamel via hemi desmosomes

Question 6

name 3 functions of the PDL

Answer 6

neurological control of mastication via mechanoreceptors
maintain and repair alveolar bone and cementum
protect dental tissues from excessive loading
resist occlusal loading
maintain tooth in functional position

Question 7

sharpeys fibres

Answer 7

bundles of strong type I collagen fibres connecting cementum and alveolar bone

Question 8

what are the 3 main acute perio conditions

Answer 8

necrotising perio/gingivitis
periodontal abscess
perio-endo lesion

Question 9

what microorganisms are implicated in necrotising periodontal conditions

Answer 9

spirochetes
fusiform bacteria

Question 10

treatment of necrotising periodontal conditions

Answer 10

supragingival scaling of teeth with LA if required
prescription of metronizadole 400mg 3x 3 days

Question 11

periodontal abscess

Answer 11

marginal closure of a deep periodontal pocket occluding drainage
commonly seen in patients with untreated perio or during a course of active treatment

Question 12

treatment of periodontal abscess

Answer 12

scaling and irrigation of mouthwash
CHX 0.2%

or extraction if poor prognosis tooth