Anatomy

Question 1

Enamel

Answer 1

The hardest, white outer part of the tooth. Enamel is mostly made of calcium phosphate, a rock-hard mineral.

Question 2

Dentin

Answer 2

A layer underlying the enamel. It is a hard tissue that contains microscopic tubes. When the enamel is damaged, heat or cold can enter the tooth through these paths and cause sensitivity or pain

Question 3

Pulp

Answer 3

The softer, living inner structure of teeth. Blood vessels and nerves run through the pulp of the teeth.

Question 4

Cementum

Answer 4

A layer of connective tissue that binds the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone.

Question 5

How many teeth does a normal adult have?

Answer 5

32
Incisors (8 total): The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws.
* Canines (4 total): The pointed teeth just outside the incisors.
* Premolars (8 total): Teeth between the canines and molars.
* Molars (8 total): Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food.

Question 6

How many wisdom teeth does the average adult have and why are they often removed?

Answer 6

These teeth erupt at around age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth.

Question 7

Crown

Answer 7

The crown of a tooth is that part of the tooth which is covered with enamel and this is the part usually visible in the mouth.

Question 8

root

Answer 8

descends below the gum line, into the jaw.

Question 9

Periodontal ligament:

Answer 9

Tissue consisting mainly of the fibrous tissue that connects the tooth root and the alveolar bone. It prevents force applied to the tooth from being directly imposed on the alveolar bone while chewing food.

Question 10

Gingivae() (gums):

Answer 10

Soft tissue that immediately surrounds the teeth and bone. It protects the bone and the roots of the teeth and provides an easily lubricated surface.

Question 11

Bone

Answer 11

Provides a socket to surround and support the roots of the teeth.

Question 12

Nerves and blood supply:

Answer 12

Each tooth and periodontal ligament has a nerve supply and the teeth are sensitive to a wide variety of stimuli. The blood supply is necessary to maintain the vitality of the tooth.

Question 13

Canine Teeth

Answer 13

The canines are the third permanent teeth from the center of the mouth to the back in the upper and lower jaws. There are a total of 4 canines, two in the upper jaw and two in the lower.
They are used to tear food.

Question 14

Molars

Answer 14

The teeth located behind the canines grind food like a mill. In milk teeth, there are two molars, each on the left and right sides of the upper and lower jaws. In permanent teeth, there are two premolars and molars each on the left and right sides of the upper and lower jaws, for a total of 16 molar teeth (20 when counting the wisdom teeth).

Question 15

Difference between Milk and Permanent teeth

Answer 15

1. Milk teeth (baby teeth) :
2. Root canals have a more hour-glass-like appearance
3. A larger pulp chamber
4. A high degree of cellularity and vascularity
5. Blood supply is abundant, flowing through the enlarged apical foramens
6. The formation of dentine tubules is less regular
7. Inter globular dentine is absent
8. Enamel and dentine are less mineralized
9. Adult Teeth:
10. Root canals have a well-defined appearance with more branches
11. A smaller pulp chamber
12. A low degree of cellularity and vascularity
13. Blood supply is restricted and reduced
14. The formation of dentine tubules is more regular
15. Inter globular dentine is present
16. Enamel and dentine are more mineralized